Pengaruh Penggunaan Pati Karboksimetil Umbi Keladi (Colocasia esculenta L.) sebagai Bahan Penghancur pada Sediaan Tablet Paracetamol

Sri Sulistiana Sulaiman, Armini Syamsidi, Asriana Sultan, Mifta Sari Yuninda

Abstract

Pati karboksimetil (CMS) umbi keladi berpotensi sebagai bahan penghancur tablet. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik CMS, sifat granul, serta pengaruh variasi konsentrasi CMS terhadap waktu hancur tablet dibandingkan dengan pati alami dan disintegran komersial. CMS diperoleh melalui metode karboksimetilasi. Evaluasi karakteristik CMS yaitu kekuatan pengembangan, bulk density, tapped density, sifat alir (Rasio hausner), kompresibilitas (Indeks Carr), serta sudut diam. Tablet dibuat dengan metode granulasi basah menggunakan variasi: F0 (Pati alami 5%), F1 (CMS 0,5%), F2 (CMS 1%), F3 (CMS 2%), F4 (CMS 3%), dan F5 (Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) 2%). Evaluasi granul meliputi laju alir dan sudut diam, sedangkan evaluasi tablet meliputi keseragaman bobot, kerapuhan, kekerasan, waktu hancur, dan disolusi. Hasil karakteristik fisik menunjukkan CMS memiliki sifat yang lebih baik dibandingkan pati alami. Dengan perbandingan CMS dan pati alami sebagai berikut, kekuatan pengembangan 20,23 g/g dan 6,41 g/g, bulk density 0,5 g/mL dan 0,36 g/mL, tapped density 0,61 g/mL dan 0,55 g/mL, sifat alir  1,19 dan 1,53, kompresibilitas 16,43% dan 35,48%, serta sudut diam 19,66º dan 32,66º. Seluruh formula granul menunjukkan sifat alir baik. Evaluasi tablet menunjukkan formula F1–F5 memenuhi persyaratan farmakope. Formula F2 (CMS 1%) dipilih sebagai formula terbaik dengan keseragaman bobot 464 mg, kerapuhan 0,8%, kekerasan 5,98 kg, waktu hancur 3,82 menit, dan disolusi 95,88%. Dengan demikian, CMS 1% dinilai sebagai konsentrasi optimum sebagai penghancur tablet karena menghasilkan tablet dengan sifat fisik yang baik dan memiliki efektivitas penghancuran yang baik.

Keywords

Tablet disintegrant; Carboxymethyl Starch (CMS); Taro tuber; Colocasia esculenta L

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v10i3.104465

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