Morphological Character of The Natural Orchid Phalaenopsis Spp. Results of Colchicine Polyploidy Induction

Sri Hartati, Samanhudi Samanhudi, Endang Suprapti

Abstract


Induction of polyploidy in orchids can cause morphological changes such as larger leaf and flower sizes, longer bloom durations, and sharper flower colors. Morphological characterization needs to be done to determine the morphological changes that occur after colchicine treatment. This study aims to determine the morphological characters of natural orchids Phalaenopsis spp. polyploidy induction using colchicine. The research was carried out from November 2021-February 2022 at the Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, UNS. The plant materials used included P. violacea from Sulawesi, P. violacea from Java, and P. Ambilis from Ambon. The treatment used was colchicine 1,250 ppm which was applied to flower buds using the cotton method with 2 replications. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and paired T-test using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 to compare the average performance of mutant plants with control plants. Induction of polyploidy using colchicine with a concentration of 1,250 ppm could increase the size of leaves, flower stalks, flowers, dorsal and lateral sepals, and petals in P. violacea from Java, P. violacea from Sulawesi, and P. amabilis from Ambon.

Full Text:

PDF
rticle

References


  1. Li C, Dong N, Zhao Y, Wu S, Liu Z, Zhai J. A review for the breeding of orchids: current achievements and prospects. Hortic Plant J. 2021;7(5):380–92.
  2. Hinsley A, De Boer HJ, Fay MF, Gale SW, Gardiner LM, Gunasekara RS, et al. A review of the trade in orchids and its implications for conservation. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 2018;186:435–55.
  3. Andri KB, Tumbuan WJ. Potensi pengembangan agribisnis bunga anggrek di Kota Batu Jawa Timur. J LPPM Bidang EkoSosBudKum. 2015;2(1):19–30.
  4. Badan Pusat Statistik (ID). Produksi tanaman florikultura (hias) 2020 [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Apr 7]. Available from: https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/55/64/1/produksi-tanaman-florikultura-hias-.html
  5. Fardhani I, Kisanuki H, Parikshite. Diversity of orchid species in Mount Sanggarah, West Bandung. In: The 22nd Tri-University International Joint Seminar and Symposium; 2015. p. 1–4. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University.
  6. Rahmawati R, Riastuty RD, Krisnawati Y. Inventarisasi jenis anggrek di Kecamatan Tugumulyo Kabupaten Musi Rawas. BIOSFER J Biol dan Pend Biol. 2020;5(1):14–9.
  7. Tsa CC, Sheue CR, Chen CH, Chou CH. Phylogenetics and biogeography of the Phalaenopsis violacea (Orchidaceae) species complex based on nuclear and plastid DNA. J Plant Biol. 2010;53(6):453–60.
  8. Zahara M, Win CC. Morphological and stomatal characteristics of two Indonesian local orchids. J Trop Hortic. 2019;2(2):65–9.
  9. Orton TJ. Horticultural plant breeding. London: Elsevier Inc.; 2020.
  10. Vilcherrez-Atoche JA, Iiyama CM, Cardoso JC. Polyploidization in orchids: from cellular changes to breeding applications. Plants. 2022;11(4):469–90.
  11. Manzoor A, Ahmad T, Bashir MA, Hafiz HE, Silvestri C. Studies on colchicine-induced chromosome doubling for enhancement of quality traits in ornamental plants. Plants. 2019;8(7):194–210.
  12. Hartati S, Samanhudi, Cahyono, Hariyadi A. Morphological characterization of natural orchids Dendrobium spp. In: The 8th International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Environment. Surakarta: IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci; 2021.
  13. Kazemi M, Kaviani B. Anatomical, morphological, and physiological change in colchicine-treated protocorm-like bodies of Catasetum pileatum Rchb.f. in vitro. Cogent Biol. 2020;6:1840708.
  14. Mohammadi M, Kaviani B, Sedaghathoor S. In vivo polyploidy induction of Phalaenopsis amabilis in a bubble bioreactor system using colchicine. Ornamental Hortic. 2021;27(2):204–12.
  15. Kerdsuwan N, Te-chato S. Effects of colchicine on survival rate, morphological, physiological, and cytological characters of Chang Daeng orchid (Rhynchostylis gigantea var. rubrum Sagarik) in vitro. J Agric Technol. 2012;8(4):1451–60.
  16. Soetopo L, Hosnia. In vivo polyploid-induction by colchicine on orchids Phalaenopsis pulcherrima (Lindl.) JJ Smith. Biosci Res. 2018;15(2):941–9.
  17. Vichiato MR, Vichiato M, Pasqual M, Rodrigues FA, Castro DM. Morphological effects of induced polyploidy in Dendrobium nobile Lindl. (Orchidaceae). Crop Breed Appl Biotechnol. 2014;14(3):154–9.
  18. Jadrna P, Plavcova O, Kobza F. Morphological changes in colchicine-treated Pelargonium × hortorum L.H. Bailey greenhouse plants. Hortic Sci (Prague). 2010;37(1):27–33.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v4i2.108518

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.


Print ISSN: 2775-5223
Online ISSN: 2808-3229
Website: https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/jbb
Email: jurnal.biotek.biodiv@mail.uns.ac.id
Published by: Universitas Sebelas Maret
Jl. Ir. Sutami Street, No. 36A, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah 57126