SUPPORTING FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY SOCIAL SOLIDARITY IN THE FACE OF THE FLOOD DISASTER IN SUNGAI LIMAU DISTRICT, PADANG PARIAMAN REGENCY, WEST SUMATERA.

Indah Rahayu, Irwan Irwan, Ikhsan Muharma Putra

Abstract

Natural disasters have become a part of Indonesian people's lives. One of the disasters that often occurs is flash floods. The area that often experiences pressure from banjir bandang disasters is Sungai Limau District, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra. Despite living in the midst of various difficulties and flash floods, the solidarity between communities seems to be stronger. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors supporting the establishment of social solidarity in the face of banjir bandang disasters in Sungai Limau District, Padang Pariaman Regency. The theory used in this research is the theory of social solidarity on the emphasis of collective consciousness proposed by Emile Durkheim. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive type of research. Data collection in this study started from non-participant observation, document study, and in-depth interviews. The results of this study indicate that the supporting factors of community social solidarity in dealing with banjir bandang disasters in Sungai Limau District, Padang Pariaman Regency, are economic factors, religious factors, and cultural factors. This economic factor shows that the people in Sungai Limau Subdistrict have the same job, namely farming. When people experience a flash flood disaster, it certainly causes losses, both material and non-material. The religious factor shows that people who have suffered losses due to banjir bandang disasters are convinced that their lives have been regulated by the Creator, thus encouraging people to increase social solidarity through religious activities. While the cultural factors taken are the Malamang and batagak Kudo-kudo cultural traditions. Updates in this study build awareness about development in disaster areas by EAB (Economy, Religion, and Culture).

Keywords: Disaster, Social Solidarity, Society, Supporting Factors.

 

Abstrak

Bencana alam telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi adalah banjir bandang. Daerah yang sering mengalami tekanan akibat bencana banjir bandang adalah Kecamatan Sungai Limau, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat. Meski hidup di tengah berbagai kesulitan dan banjir bandang, solidaritas antar masyarakat tampaknya semakin kuat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor pendukung terbentuknya solidaritas sosial dalam menghadapi bencana banjir bandang di Kecamatan Sungai Limau Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori solidaritas sosial pada penekanan kesadaran kolektif yang dikemukakan oleh Emile Durkheim. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dimulai dari observasi non partisipan, studi dokumen, dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendukung solidaritas sosial masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana banjir bandang di Kecamatan Sungai Limau Kabupaten Padang Pariaman adalah faktor ekonomi, faktor agama, dan faktor budaya. Faktor ekonomi ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat di Kecamatan Sungai Limau memiliki pekerjaan yang sama yaitu bertani. Ketika masyarakat mengalami bencana banjir bandang tentu menimbulkan kerugian, baik material maupun non material. Faktor religi menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat yang mengalami kerugian akibat bencana banjir bandang yakin bahwa kehidupannya telah diatur oleh Sang Pencipta, sehingga mendorong masyarakat untuk meningkatkan solidaritas sosial melalui kegiatan keagamaan. Sedangkan faktor budaya yang diambil adalah tradisi budaya malamang dan batagak kudo-kudo. Pembaruan dalam penelitian ini membangun kesadaran tentang pembangunan di daerah bencana oleh EAB (Ekonomi, Agama, dan Budaya).

 

Kata Kunci : Bencana, Solidaritas Sosial, Masyarakat, Faktor Pendukung.

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