Review : Metode Sintesis Katoda LiFePO4 Baterai Lithium-Ion

Moch Khabibul Adi Rachmanto, Liliana Triatmajaning Wibowo, Tika Paramitha

Abstract

Abstrak. Material katoda merupakan salah satu komponen penting pada baterai berbasis lithium-ion. Material katoda yang digunakan dalam baterai lithium-ion diantaranya LNCA (LiNi0,8Co0,15Al0,05O2), LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, dan LNCM (LiNi0,3Co0,3Mn0,3O2). Katoda LiFePO4 yang memiliki keunggulan beda tegangan operasi yang tinggi (3,45 V phosphoolivines), kapasitas spesifik tinggi (170 mAh/g), biaya bahan baku murah, ramah lingkungan, kestabilan terhadap panas tinggi, dan dapat diaplikasikan sebagai penyimpanan daya tinggi. Namun, LiFePO4 juga memiliki beberapa kelemahan yaitu memiliki konduktivitas rendah, laju difusi ion Li+ yang lambat, dan kerapatan energi yang rendah. Untuk mengoptimalkan kekurangan tersebut, telah dilakukan sintesis katoda dengan berbagai metode. Artikel ilmiah ini membahas mengenai sintesis katoda LiFePO4 dengan beberapa metode, yaitu presipitasi, solid state, dan sol gel. Selain itu, artikel ini memuat tinjauan (review) mengenai hasil analisa struktur, morfologi, dan performa elektrokimia baterai dengan katoda LiFePO4.

 

Abstract. Cathode material is one of important component in lithium ion batteries. Cathode materials used in lithium ion batteries including LNCA (LiNi0,8Co0,15Al0,05O2), LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, and LNCM (LiNi0,3Co0,3Mn0,3O2). The advantage of LiFePO4 cathode are high operating voltage (3.45 V phosphoolivines), high specific capacity (170 mAh/g), low cost raw material, environmentally friendly, high heat stability, and can be applied as high power storage. However, LiFePO4 also has disadvantages, such as low conductivity, slow diffusion rate of Li+ ions, and low energy density. To optimize these deficiencies, cathode synthesis has been carried out with various methods. This scientific article discusses the synthesis of the LiFePO4 cathode with several methods, namely precipitation, solid state, and sol gel. In addition, this article discuss about review of the structural analysis, morphology, and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathode batteries.

 

Keywords: LiFePO4, cathode, synthesis, lithium ion batteries

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v3i2.42833

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