MASUKNYA UNSUR-UNSUR PEMIKIRAN SPEKULATIF DALAM ISLAM: KAJIAN ATAS LOGIKA DAN METAFISIKA AL-FĀRĀBĪ

Abstract

Al-Farabi considered as a philosopher basic foundation of Islamic philosophy. He
is also known as the second teacher (al-mu'allim al-Thani) because of his dominant
ability in logic and reliable commentator of Aristotle‟s thought (a great commentator of
the first teacher). Al-Farabi managed appropriately in explaining the logic of Aristotle to the Arabic-speaking nations without changing the meaning of philosophy because he
considers logic as a universal grammar that its validity was spread throughout the human
race. In field of metaphysics, Al-Farabi able to explain neo-Platonism systematically by
focusing on the discussion of sense, God and cosmology. Through these thoughts, alFarabi
wants to strengthen the core of the teachings of Islam that is monotheism, so there is a unity between religion and philosophy.