Kesuburan Tanah dan Produktivitas Padi pada Budidaya Organik, Semi Organik, dan Konvensional di Kabupaten Sragen

Sukristiyonubowo Sukristiyonubowo, Damas Riyanto, Sugeng Widodo

Abstract

The farmers realize that Green Revolution technology with external inputs (mineral fertilizer and pesticide) is no longer sustainable and cost production become too expensive. The farmers want to move to organic, semi organic and some remain doing conventional farming system. The aim of the research was to study the dynamic of soil fertilities and biomass production under organic, semi organic and conventional rice farming systems. The study was conducted in Termes Village Sambung Macan Sub District, Sragen District, Central Java and Analytical Laboratory of the Yogyakarta Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology from March 2017 to 2018. Soil composites were taken in March 2017 and in 2018 at organic, semi organic and conventional rice farming systems. The results showed that in general the soil chemical fertility taken in 2018 under three rice farming were better than soil sampled in 2017 including pH, C organic, N total, P and K extracted with HCl 25 %. The same results were happened in rice biomass production, in organic rice farming was more excellent compared to semi organic and conventional rice farming and in semi organic was better than conventional rice farming because of soil C-organic content were higher.

Keywords

Farming Systems; Fertilizer; Yield

Full Text:

PDF(ID)

References

Alice J, Sujeetha RP, Venugopal MS. 2003. Effect of Organic Farming on Management of Rice Brown Plant Hopper. IRRN. 28 (2): 36 – 37.

Chino M, Hayashi M, Fukumorita T. 1987. Chemical Composition of Rice Phloem Sap and its Fluctuation. J. Plant Nutr 10: 1651-1661.

Clark MS, Horwath WR, Shennan C, Scow KM. 1998. Changes in Soil Chemical Properties Resulting from Organic and Low-Input Farming Practices. Agronomy Journal. 90: 662-671.

Hansen B, Kristensen ES, Grant R, Hogh Jensen H, Simmelsgaard SE, Olesen JE. 2000. Nitrogen leaching from conventional versus organic farming systems- a system modelling approach. European Journal of Agronomy. 13:65–82.

Hasegawa H, Furukawa Y, Kimura SD. 2005. On-farm Assessment of Organic Amendments Effects on Nutrient Status and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Organic Rice Fields in Northern Japan. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 108:350-362.

Kajimura T, Fujisaki K, Nagasuji F. 1995. Effect of Organic Rice Farming on Leafhoppers and Plant Hoppers and Amino Acid Contents in Rice Phloem Sap and Survival Rate of Plant Hoppers. Applied Entomology Journal. 30:12–22.

Mäder P, Fliessbach A, Dubois D, Gunst L, Fried P, Niggli U. 2002. Soil Fertility and Biodiversity in Organic Farming. Science, 296, 1694-1697.

Oehl F, Sieverding E, Mäder P, Dubois D, Ineichen K, Boller T, Wiemken A. 2004. Impact of long-term conventional and organic farming on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Oecologia. 138: 574-583.

Prakhas YS, Bhadoria PBS, Rakshit A. 2002. Relative Efficacy of Organic Manure in Improving Milling and Cooking Quality of Rice. IRRN. 27(1):43 – 44.

Rasmussen PE, Parton WJ. 1994. Long-term Effects of Residue Management in Wheat-fallow: I. Inputs, Yields and Soil Organic Matter. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 58:523-530.

Rigby D, Caceres D. 2001. Organic Farming and The Sustainable Agricultural Systems. Agricultural Systems, 68, 21-40. DOI: 10.1016/S0308-521X(00)00060-3.

Soil Research Institute. 2009. Penuntun Analisa Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air dan Pupuk (Procedure to Measure Soil Chemical, Plant, Water and Fertilizer). Soil Research Institute, Bogor. 234 p. (in Indonesian).

Sommerfeldt TG, Chang C, Entz T. 1988. Long-term Annual Manure Applications Increase Soil Organic Matter and Nitrogen and Decrease Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio. Soil Science Society of America Journal 52:1668-1672.

Stolze M, Piorr A, Harring A, Dabbert S. 2002. The Environmental Impact of Organic Farming in Europe. Organic Farming in Europe: Economics and Policy. Vol 6. University of Hohenheim, Germany.

Sukristiyonubowo, Benito HP, Edi H. 2015. Soil properties under organic versus conventional vegetables farming systems in Bogor District. Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal 39 (1): 19 – 24.

Sukristiyonubowo, Rahmat AP, Damasus R. 2018. Soil Chemical-physical Characteristic and Rice Biomass Production of Three Rice Farming Systems in Sragen Regency. Soil and Climate Journal 1: 51-56.

Syukur A. 2005. The Effect of Organic Matter of Soil Properties and Caisim Growth in Soil Sandy Land. Soil Science and Environment Journal. Vol. 5 (1); p.30-38.

Wander MM, Traina SJ, Stinner BR, Peters SE. 1994. Organic and conventional management effects on biologically active organic matter pools. Soil Science Society of America Journal 58: 1130-1139.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v3i2.32508

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.