Evaluasi Pemakaian Antibiotik Profilaksis Ceftriaxone Injeksi dan Cefadroxil Oral Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Post Sectio Caesarea

Ivanna Beru Brahmana, Ika Setyawati

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Penyembuhan luka operasi sectio caesarea (SC) yang baik sangat diharapkan oleh setiap pasien dan dokter. Pemilihan antibiotik yang tepat dibutuhkan dalam penyembuhan luka operasi. Ceftriaxone injeksi merupakan antibiotik spektrum luas yang banyak dipakai sebagai antibiotik profilaksis SC. Cefadroxil oral dipilih sebagai antibiotik yang diberikan pada pasien post operasi SC. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efektifitas pemakaian ceftriaxone injeksi dan cefadroxil oral pada penyembuhan luka operasi post SC.
Metode: Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien selama tiga tahun (tahun 2016-2018) pada saat kontrol di dokter praktek swasta di Klaten, Jawa Tengah. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien yang menjalani operasi SC, hamil aterm, dan tidak menderita DM. Waktu kontrol antara dua sampai dengan tujuh hari setelah operasi SC. Data diolah secara deskriptif.
Hasil: Didapatkan 73 subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Waktu kontrol dua hari post SC didapatkan sebanyak 23,3% (17/73), tiga hari post SC sebanyak 21,9% (16/73), empat hari post SC sebanyak 23,3% (17/73), lima hari post SC sebanyak 21,9% (16/73), enam hari post SC sebanyak 2,7% (2/73), dan tujuh hari post SC sebanyak 6,8% (5/73). Kejadian luka infeksi ditandai dengan keluarnya cairan bernanah dari luka bekas operasi SC. Kejadian luka infeksi terjadi sebanyak 5,5% (4/73). Kejadian luka infeksi terjadi pada pasien yang kontrol pada hari kedua sebanyak tiga kasus dan kontrol pada hari keempat sebanyak satu kasus.
Kesimpulan: Ceftriaxone injeksi dan cefadroxil oral efektif memberikan kesembuhan pada luka operasi post SC.

Introduction: Good healing of caesarean section (CS) wound is highly expected by every patient and doctor. Selection of the right antibiotic is needed in healing wound surgery. Ceftriaxone injection and oral cefadroxil are widely used in CS prophylactic antibiotics. This study was to assess the effectiveness of the use of injection ceftriaxone and oral cefadroxil in wound healing in post CS.

Methods: Data were collected from a patient's medical record for three years (2016-2018) at the time of control at a private practice doctor in Klaten, Central Java. Inclusion criteria were patients who underwent CS, term pregnant, and didn’t have DM. The control time is between two to seven days after CS. Data processed descriptively.

Results: There were 73 study subjects who met the inclusion criteria. The control time of two days post CS was 23.3% (17/73), three days post CS were 21.9% (16/73), four days post CS were 23.3% (17/73), five days post CS were 21.9% (17/73) 16/73), six days post CS were 2.7% (2/73), and seven days post CS were 6.8% (5/73). The incidence of infection wounds is characterized by discharge of festering fluid from CS scars. The incidence of infection wounds occurs as much as 5.5% (4/73), who occurred in patients who were control on day two in three cases and controls on day four in one case.

Conclusion: Ceftriaxone injection and oral cefadroxil are effective in healing postoperative wound healing.

Keywords

ceftriaxone injeksi; cefadroxil; luka sectio caesarea.

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