Do Gender Quotas Deliver Substantive Change? Women’s Representation from Islamic Political Parties in Indonesia

Muwahid Muwahid, Moh. Bagus

Abstract

In many countries, women are still treated like second-class citizens when they speak out about politics. This article aims to analyse the implementation of the 30% women's quota by Islamic political parties in East Java, Indonesia, and evaluate its significant effects on the outcomes of the Regional People's Representative Council during the 2019–2024 electoral cycle. This article employs legal research to analyse the implementation of the 30% women's quota by Islamic political parties in East Java, Indonesia, which is widely recognised as a major stronghold of Islamic political parties. The study shows that all political parties, even Islamic ones, have followed the rules and made sure that at least 30% of the candidates for the East Java Regional People's Representative Council from 2019 to 2024 are women. Nonetheless, this numerical representation has not resulted in a significant impact, as just a few regional rules adequately reflect women's interests and rights. This study advances legal scholarship by illustrating that the mere formal adherence to gender quota requirements in electoral law does not inherently result in a substantive gender-responsive law-making process. It thereby enhances socio-legal and feminist legal analysis regarding the disparity between normative compliance and effective legal outcomes in democratic governance

Keywords

Women, Representation, Affirmative Action.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abraham Nurcahyo. (2018). ReLevansi Budaya Patriaki Dengan Partisipasi Politik Dan Keterwakilan Perempuan Di Parlemen. Jurnal Agastya Volume 6 (1), 25–34.

Ade Irma and Dessy Hasanah. (2014). Menyoroti Budaya Patriarki Di Indonesia. Social Work, Volume 7 (1), 71–80.

Chalik, A. (2021). The Half-Hearted Compromise within Indonesian Politics: The Dynamics of Political Coalition among Islamic Political Parties (1999-2019). Journal of Indonesian Islam, 15(2), 487–514. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2021.15.2.487-514

Dirga Ardiansa. (2017). Menghadirkan Kepentingan Perempuan Dalam Representasi Politik Di Indonesia. Jurnal Politik Volume 2 (1), 71.

Edisi. (2022). “Edisi No.04th.Xvi/April 2022 1,”.

Farahdiba Rahma Bachtiar. (2014). Pemilu Indonesia: Kiblat Negara Demokrasi Dari Berbagai Representasi. Jurnal Politik Profetik Volume 2 (1), 1–17.

Fernando, H., Galuh Larasati, Y., Abdullah, I., Jubba, H., Mugni, A., & Persadha, P. D. (2023). The de-existence of Islamic political parties in general elections: A case study of Indonesia as a Muslim-majority country. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2225838

Fionna Benita. (2021). Ketidaksetaraan Gender Sebagai Mediasi Pengaruh Budaya Patriarki Terhadap Partisipasi Perempuan Pada Posisi Kepemimpinan Dalam Bisnis Keluarga Di Jawa Timur. Parsimonia : Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen, Bisnis , Volume 8 (2).

Fox, C. A., & Menchik, J. (2023). Islamic political parties and election campaigns in Indonesia. Party Politics, 29(4), 622–635. https://doi.org/10.1177/13540688221091656

Hessami, Z., & da Fonseca, M. L. (2020). Female political representation and substantive effects on policies: A literature review. European Journal of Political Economy, 63(March). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2020.101896

Irwansyah. (2021). Penelitian Hukum: Pilihan Metode Dan Praktik Penulisan Artikel. Yogyakarta.

Mudiyati Rahmatunnisa. (2016). Affirmtive Action dan Penguatan Partisipasi Politik Kau Perempuan Di Indonesia. Jurnal Wacana Politik Vol.1 (2).

Jurnal Ilmu, Sosial Politik, and Heri Kusmanto. (2014). Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Demokasi Politik. Volume 2 (1), pp. 78–90.

Kambo, G., Muhammad, M., Arsyad, A., & Mundi, M. (2023). The Rise of the Islamic Party (PPP) in Gowa Regency. Proceedings of the Regional Seminar on Community Issues, pp. 30–40. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.20-9-2023.2340967

Khofifah Indar Parawansa. (2020). Hambatan Terhadap Partisipasi Politik Perempuan di Indonesia. Internasional IDEA.

Kontu. (2017). Representasi Perempuan Dalam Politik Lokal Di Era Otonomi Daerah. Societas Volume 6 (1), 34–46.

http://chrishandrix.wordpress.com/2009/06/09/12/, accessed on May 8, 2023.

Labetubun, Muchtar Anshary Hamid. (2010). Perlindungan Hukum HaKI Atas Desain Industri Terhadap Produk Kerajinan Kerang Mutiara Dalan Pemberdayaan Usaha Kecil Di Kota Ambon. Universitas Brawijaya.

M Nastain, Abdullah, I., Qodir, Z., & Jubba, H. (2024). Infrastructure Barriers to Islamic Political Parties: Dynamics of PKB in the 2004-2019 Presidential Election Contestation. International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.53639/ijssr.v5i1.224

Mahendra, J. R., & Emovwodo, S. O. (2023). Monodualistic and pluralistic punishment politics in criminal code reform: Lessons from Indonesia. Journal of Law, Environmental and Justice, 1(3), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.62264/jlej.v1i3.17

Mayrudin, Y., & Akbar, M. C. (2019). Identity Politics Within Indonesian Islamic Parties: Study of PKB and PKS. Atlantis Press Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 367(ICDeSA), 283–288. https://doi.org/10.2991/icdesa-19.2019.58

Millward, P., & Takhar, S. (2019). Social Movements, Collective Action and Activism. Sociology, 53(3), NP1–NP12. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038518817287

Nalom Kurniawan. (2014). Keterwakilan Perempuan Di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor: 22-24/PUU-VI/2008, Jurnal Konstitusi, Vol. 11 (4).

Prihatini, E. S. (2020). Islam, Parties, and Women’s Political Nomination in Indonesia. Politics and Gender, 16(3), 637–659. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743923X19000321

R. Priandi, and K. Roisah. (2019). Upaya Meningkatkan Partisipasi Politik Perempuan Dalam Pemilihan Umum Di Indonesia. Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, Vol. 1 (1), 106-116, Jan. 2019. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v1i1.106-116.

Roy C Marcidis. (1996). Teori-Teori Mutakhir Politik. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana Yogya, 17.

Sri Warjiyati. (2019). Peranan Partai Politik Islam dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Serentak di Indonesia. Al- Daulah: Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam. Volume 9 (2).

Sugiarti Sugiarti. (2021). Budaya Patriarki Dalam Cerita Rakyat Jawa Timur. KEMBARA Journal of Scientific Language Literature and Teaching Volume 7 (2),424–437.

Suliantoro, B. W., & Murdiati, C. W. (2022). The Role Of Political Parties In Preparing Women’s Leadership That Is Just And Gender Sensitive. Res Militaris, 12(2), 3175–3190.

Widdy Yuspita Widiyaningrum. (2020). Partisipasi Politik Kader Perempuan Dalam Bidang Politik: Sebuah Kajian Teoritis. Jurnal JISIPOL Ilmu Pemerintahan Universitas Bale Bandung, Volume 4 (2), 126–142, http://ejournal.unibba.ac.id/index.php/jisip. (n.d.).

Wulandari, R. S., Kartini, D. S., Nandang Alamsah, D., & Santoso, E. B. (2024). Review of Affirmative Action Policy in West Java DPRD: challenges and Solutions of Political Parties in Achieving Women’s Representation. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(7), 2633–2649. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4676

Yusuf Fadli. (2018). Islam, Perempuan Dan Politik: Argumentasi Keterlibatan Perempuan Dalam Politik Di Indonesia Pasca Reformasi. Journal of Government and Civil Society, Volume 1 (1), 41.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v14i3.85522

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.