Implikasi proyeksi kinerja jaringan jalan terhadap kebijakan transportasi Kabupaten PPU akibat pembangunan Ibu Kota Nusantara

Ariyaningsih Ariyaningsih, Dwiana Novianti Tufail, Priyo Wibisono, Riki Herliansyah

Abstract

Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) mengalami peningkatan tekanan mobilitas karena berfungsi sebagai wilayah penyangga, pintu masuk logistik, dan penghubung regional menuju Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menilai kinerja jaringan jalan eksisting; (2) memproyeksikan perubahan kinerja jaringan pada 2030, 2035, dan 2045; (3) mengevaluasi kesiapan layanan angkutan umum sebagai alternatif kendaraan pribadi; dan (4) merumuskan implikasi kebijakan transportasi-spasial yang terintegrasi. Analisis menggunakan data pencacahan lalu lintas, kapasitas ruas, matriks asal-tujuan, proyeksi penduduk dan ekonomi, perubahan tata ruang, survei persepsi pengguna, serta analisis spasial berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis. Kinerja ruas dinilai melalui rasio volume terhadap kapasitas (VCR), sedangkan layanan angkutan umum dianalisis dengan Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ruas masih memiliki VCR di bawah 0,30, tetapi beberapa koridor strategis telah mendekati kondisi jenuh; nilai tertinggi yang teridentifikasi mencapai 0,774 dan volume harian pada salah satu koridor utama mencapai 4.419 smp/hari. Dalam skenario tanpa intervensi, kelas VCR 0,50–1,00 semakin meluas pada 2030–2035 dan beberapa ruas strategis diproyeksikan melampaui VCR 1,00 pada 2045. Pada saat yang sama, CSI angkutan umum hanya 53,43% atau berkategori sangat buruk, terutama pada aspek kenyamanan, kapasitas, aksesibilitas, dan keterpaduan. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pelebaran jalan secara parsial tidak memadai. Kebijakan perlu diarahkan pada penanganan koridor kritis secara bertahap, reformasi layanan angkutan umum, pengembangan jaringan multimoda, pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang di sekitar pusat kegiatan, serta koordinasi PPU–IKN–Balikpapan dalam satu sistem transportasi regional.


Implications of road network performance projections on PPU Regency transportation policy due to the development of the Capital City of Indonesia (Nusantara)

Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) Regency faces increasing mobility pressure as a buffer area, logistics gateway, and regional connector to Nusantara Capital City (IKN). This study aims to: (1) assess existing road network performance; (2) project network performance for 2030, 2035, and 2045; (3) evaluate the readiness of public transport as an alternative to private vehicles; and (4) formulate integrated transport–spatial policy implications. The analysis combines traffic counts, road capacity, origin–destination matrices, population and economic projections, spatial-plan changes, user-perception surveys, and GIS-based spatial analysis. Road performance is assessed using the volume-to-capacity ratio (VCR), while public transport service is evaluated through the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Most road sections currently record VCR values below 0.30, although several strategic corridors are approaching saturation; the highest identified VCR is 0.774, and one major corridor carries 4,419 passenger-car units per day. Under the do-nothing scenario, road sections within the 0.50–1.00 VCR range expand in 2030–2035, while several strategic links are projected to exceed a VCR of 1.00 by 2045. Public transport readiness is also weak, with a CSI of 53.43%, classified as very poor, particularly regarding comfort, capacity, accessibility, and modal integration. These results indicate that isolated road widening is insufficient. Policy should combine phased treatment of critical corridors, public transport reform, multimodal network development, land-use control around activity centres, and coordinated regional governance involving PPU, IKN, and Balikpapan.


Keywords

Nusantara Capital City; Penajam Paser Utara ; Road Network Performance; Spatial Planning; Transport Policy

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