Pemanfaatan Pendekatan Pragmatik dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Berbasis Pemahaman Lintas Budaya

Henny Sanulita

Abstract

Abstract: Cross-cultural understanding of language learning in the classroom is very important for students, but sometimes teachers are less aware of the need to introduce cultural orientation in language learning. In this paper, we will describe how the application of the pragmatic approach can be used to improve cross-cultural understanding of language learners through assignments in the form of analytical discussions between teachers and language learners. The teacher plays an important role in efforts to support intercultural learning, especially through the use of question strategies and preparation of material to be discussed. This research is a type of literature review research. Based on the results of the study, in cross-cultural language learning, teachers can design tasks that will be given to language students in the form of analytical discussion tasks that can be developed to build dialogue between teachers and language learners. The teacher can teach culture by applying a pragmatic approach through the steps: Task 1. Focus on Metapragmatics, Task 2. Focus on Discourse, and Task 3. Focus on Interculturality.

Abstrak: Pemahaman lintas budaya dalam pembelajaran bahasa di kelas sangat penting bagi pelajar, namun terkadang guru kurang menyadari betapa perlunya pengenalan orientasi budaya dalam pembelajaran bahasa. Dalam tulisan ini akan diuraikan bagaimana penerapan pendekatan pragmatik dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman lintas budaya pelajar bahasa melalui pemberian tugas yang berupa diskusi analitis antara guru dan pelajar bahasa. Guru sangat berperan penting dalam upaya untuk mendukung pembelajaran antarbudaya, terutama melalui penggunaan strategi pertanyaan dan penyiapan bahan yang akan didiskusikan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian tinjauan pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, dalam pembelajaran bahasa lintas budaya, guru dapat merancang tugas yang akan diberikan kepada pelajar bahasa berupa tugas diskusi analitis yang dapat dikembangkan untuk membangun dialog antara guru dan pelajar bahasa. Guru dapat mengajar budaya dengan menerapkan pendekatan pragmatik melalui langkah-langkah: Tugas 1. Fokus Metapragmatik, Tugas 2. Fokus Wacana, dan Tugas 3. Fokus Antarbudaya.

Keywords

Pendekatan pragmatik; pengajaran bahasa; pemahaman lintas budaya

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References

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