Lanskap Linguistik di Museum Radya Pustaka Surakarta

Gunawan Widiyanto

Abstract

Abstract: This research reveals the languages used in informational signs accounting for the historical objects in Museum Radya Pustaka (MRP) in Surakarta from the perspective of Linguistic Landscape (LL) and answer the questions as to what languages are used in informational signs in MRP, how the languages are used from the size viewpoint and how their positional configuration is. This research is qualitative in nature through describing the language use in RPM Surakarta. Data in the form of visual pictures of informational signs accounting for historical objects in MRP is taken by using handphone camera and about 86 pictures of the informational signs accounting for historical objects are collected. The data is analysed on the basis of (1) name of language, (2) size and (3) positional configuration. Result of research indicates that the stakeholders in RPM have used monolingual, bilingual and multilingual signs to provide information on historical objects in RPM with the bilingual sign being dominant, namely bahasa Indonesia and English. The varietyy of languages (Javanese, bahasa Indonesia, English) existing in informational signs  give the information on sociolinguistic composition in Surakarta, especially in RPM as a heritage region,  that there are domestic tourists with Javanese as a mother tongue, domestic tourists with bahasa Indonesia as a lingua franca and foreign tourists with English as an international language.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengungkap pemakaian bahasa dalam informasi yang menerangjelaskan benda-benda peninggalan sejarah di Museum Radya Pustaka (MRP) Surakarta dari perspektif LL dan menjawab pertanyaan tentang bahasa apa saja yang dipakai dalam informasi di MRP, bagaimana pemakaian bahasa-bahasa tersebut ditinjau dari ukurannya, dan bagaimana konfigurasi penempatan bahasa-bahasa tersebut secara posisional. Penelitian ini menggunakan ancangan kualitatif melalui deskripsi pemakaian bahasa di MRP Surakarta. Data berupa informasi yang menjelaskan benda-benda di MRP diambil dengan cara dipotret. Delapan puluh enam gambar (photographs) hasil potretan dikumpulkan dan dianalisis berdasarkan (1) nama bahasa, (2) ukuran, dan (3) konfigurasi posisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemangku kepentingan di MRP sudah menggunakan tanda monolingual, bilingual, dan multilingual untuk menyampaikan informasi tentang benda-benda peninggalan sejarah di MRP. Namun tanda bilingual begitu dominan, yakni berbahasa Indonesia dan Inggris. Beranekanya bahasa (Jawa, Indonesia, Inggris) yang hadir dalam tanda informasi juga memberi informasi tentang komposisi sosiolinguistis di Kota Surakarta, utamanya di kawasan warisan MRP, bahwa ada pengunjung (wisatawan nusantara/wisnu) yang berbahasa ibu Jawa, pengunjng yang berbasantara Indonesia, dan pengunjung (wisatawan mancanegara/wisman) yang berbahasa internasional Inggris.

Keywords

Camera; language; linguistic landscape; museum

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