UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA DAN TOKSISITAS DENGAN METODE BSLT SERTA PENAPISAN FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK DAUN ALAMANDA (Allamanda cathartica L.)

Abstract

Abstract- Alamanda (Allamanda cathartica L.) leaves has an antioxidant and toxicitypotential. Leaves extracted by maceration with ethanol, and partitioned with petroleum ether , ethyl acetate , methanol and chloroform. The extract was tested the antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion method and its toxicity test by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)method.Phytochemical screening of the extract condensed done to determine the content of secondary metabolites. The Antimicrobial activity test showed that the phase of petroleum ether , ethyl acetate, chloroform and metanol alamanda leaves potentially inhibit Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed  for the phase petroleum ether of alamanda which inhibited zone 10.45 mm against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Whereas the phase ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanolphase of alamanda showed the largest inhibition zone respectively 7.33 mm , 8.59 mm and 7.02 mm against Candida albicans. The toxicity tests of alamanda leaf extracts against larvae shrimp ( Artemia salina Leach ) showed that the petroleum ether phase has LC50 values of 64.13 ppm was toxic , the ethyl acetate phase at 26.55 ppm was highly toxic , the chloroform phase at 23.39 ppm was highly toxic and metanol extracts of 38.19 ppm were toxic . Phytochemical screening of the leaf powder and methanol phase of alamanda contained alkaloids , flavonoids , saponins , tannins and steroids / triterpenoids . Petroleum ether phase contained steroids / triterpenoids , whereas the ethyl acetate phase contained alkaloids , saponins , tannins and steroids , and the chloroform phase containing alkaloids , flavonoids , saponins and steroids / triterpenoids .

Keywords: Allamanda cathartica Leaves, antimicrobial, toxicity, BSLT