Placentum: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan dan Aplikasinya
Journal title Placentum: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan dan Aplikasinya Initials PLACENTUM Frequency Two issues per year (February, August) DOI Prefix 10.20961 Online ISSN 2620-9969 Print ISSN 2303-3746 Editor-in-chief Dr. Revi Gama Hatta Novika Managing Editor Angesti Nugraheni Rufidah Maulina Publisher Midwifery Department, UNS (Universitas Sebelas Maret) Surakarta in collaboration with Ikatan Bidan Indonesia (IBI) Placentum: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan dan Aplikasinya (p-ISSN: 2303-3746; e-ISSN: 2620-9969) is an open-access academic journal published by the Midwifery Department, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta in collaboration with Ikatan Bidan Indonesia (IBI). This journal has three issues in a year and it will be published in February, August, and December. This journal accepts manuscript in English. Placentum: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan dan Aplikasinya publishes original research articles or review articles in Maternal and Child Health, Health Promotion, and Epidemiology. (more ...) This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by the Ministry of Research and Technology/ National Agency for Research and Innovation, the Republic of Indonesia with third grade (Sinta 3) according to the Decree No. 152/E/KPT/2023 (link).
Program Studi Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret
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Key Factors Behind Contraceptive Use in Indonesian Women of Reproductive Age: Findings from the 2023 Health Survey
Background: Population control through family planning (KB) programs is crucial for improving the community's quality of life and promoting women's reproductive health. Studies on contraceptive use in Indonesia indicate that short-term methods, particularly injectables, are the most commonly chosen by users. This preference is influenced by various factors such as age, education level, employment status, and place of residence. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors associated with contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Indonesia. Method: This study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional design to analyze data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI), focusing on the reproductive health component. The sample consisted of 70,649 women of reproductive age. Data analysis was performed using bivariate analysis, specifically the Chi-square test, to examine the relationship between independent variables and contraceptive use. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26.0, with a significance level of p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The results of this study indicate that all variables influencing contraceptive use among women of reproductive age were significantly associated with age (p-value=0.000), education (p-value=0.000), occupation (p-value=0.000), and residence (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: All studied factors showed a significant association with contraceptive choice among women of reproductive age in Indonesia. Enhancing accessible and educational family planning services, particularly for low-income, rural, and adolescent populations, is essential to increase awareness and promote reproductive health.
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Preconception Care Practices and Factors Influencing Pregnant Women in Surakarta: A Cross-Sectional Study
Background: A major reason for the high maternal mortality rates and infant mortality rates is the disparity in healthcare services available to pregnant versus non-pregnant women. Preconception care encompasses various issues, including preventive medical practices and lifestyle changes. Factors such as age, history of antenatal care visits, parity, previous health conditions, and awareness of preconception care are known to affect the preconception care actions of women of childbearing age. Method: This study aims to determine preconception care practices and the factors that influence them. This study is a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted at the Sangkrah Community Health Center, Surakarta. The research instruments were questionnaires on socio-economics and demographics, obstetrics, gynecology and health history, and preconception care practices. Data analysis used the Chi Square statistical test and logistic regression. Result: The results showed that the variables of occupation (p=0.024) and level of knowledge (p=0.017) had a multivariate effect on the preconception care practices of pregnant women served at the Sangkrah Community Health Center in Surakarta, while the variables of education level, gravida, and parity had p-values >0.05. Prenatal care practices were 66.1% influenced by occupational and knowledge level factors, while the remaining 33.9% were influenced by other factors not examined in this study. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the most significant factors influencing prenatal care practices among pregnant women served at the Sangkrah Community Health Center in Surakarta are occupation and knowledge level.
EFFORTS TO PREVENT EARLY MARRIAGE THROUGH THE YOUTH INFORMATION AND COUNSELING CENTER (PIK-R) AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 TOROH
Background: The National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN) has a target of reducing early childhood marriage in 2020-2024 from 11.2% in 2018 to 8.74% in 2024. In the last ten years, early childhood marriage in Indonesia has decreased of 3.5%. The Central Java Women's Organization Cooperation Agency (BKOW) stated that the number of early marriages in Central Java will increase in 2021 to 8,700 cases. Based on data from the Grobogan Regency Religious Court, in 2023 there will be 719 cases from January to November. Objective: Analyze the influence of the Youth Information and Counseling Center (PIK R) on teenagers' knowledge and attitudes about early marriage at SMA Negeri 1 Toroh. Method: This research is quantitative research whit a cross-section design. Type of non-probability sampling technique with sample results totaling 290 respondents. Results: The results of this study obtained a p value (0.000) <0.05, meaning that there is an influence of the Youth Information and Counseling Center (PIK R) on adolescent knowledge about early marriage at SMA Negeri 1 Toroh and a p value (0.000) <0.05 was obtained, meaning that there is an influence of the Youth Information and Counseling Center (PIK R) on adolescent attitudes about early marriage at SMA Negeri 1 Toroh. Conclusion: There is an influence of the Youth Information and Counseling Center (PIK R) on teenagers' knowledge and attitudes about early marriage Keywords: Youth Information and Counseling Center (PIK R), Early Marriage, Knowledge, Attitudes.
Primary Hypertension Screening in the Urban Community of Ngawi Regency
Background: The urban population experienced epidemiological changes affecting health, with hypertension being a major issue. This study identified risk factors for primary hypertension in the urban population of Ngawi Regency. Methods: It used quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach and proportional random sampling. The sample consisted of 170 respondents aged 15–59 years, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection used a sphygmomanometer for blood pressure, a scale and stature meter to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI), an Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) questionnaire for physical activity, and a Food Frequency Questionnaire for dietary patterns. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analyses using the chi-square test with a significance level of <0.05. Results: The results showed that four variables were significantly associated with the incidence of primary hypertension: age ≥45 years (p<0.001; OR=9.178), family history of hypertension (p<0.001; OR=3.218), overeating (p=0.010; OR=3.102), and BMI and obesity (p<0.001; OR=4.970). Meanwhile, gender, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits did not show a significant association. Conclusion: It was concluded that age, family history, diet, and BMI are the main determinants of primary hypertension in the urban area of Ngawi. Preventive measures can be implemented through health education, regular blood pressure checks, adopting a low-salt diet, increasing physical activity, and weight control to reduce the incidence of hypertension in urban communities.
Triple Elimination Data Analysis (HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B) among Pregnant Women in Denpasar City, Bali
Background: In 2017, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia launched the 'Triple Elimination' initiative, aiming to eradicate the transmission of syphilis, hepatitis B, and HIV from mother to child. This article presents the results of analysing data from the HIV/AIDS and STI Information System (SIHA) and the Hepatitis and Gastrointestinal Infection Information System (SIHEPI) among pregnant women tested for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B in Denpasar City, Bali. Methods: A descriptive study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at two community health centres in Denpasar City, using secondary data from SIHA and SIHEPI collected between 2020 and 2022. Data were analysed using univariate and bivariate analyses, with the chi-square test. Result: According to SIHA reports, 3,831 pregnant women were tested for HIV, with a positivity rate of 0.2% (95% CI: 0.09%-0.4%); 3,716 were tested for syphilis, with a positivity rate of 0.9% (95% CI: 0.7%-1.3%); and 4,503 were tested for hepatitis B, with a positivity rate of 1.4% (95% CI: 1.1%-1.8%). Data analysis revealed a significant correlation between HIV test results and the level of education (p<0.001). Syphilis was significantly associated with certain risk factors (p<0.001), while maternal age was significantly associated with hepatitis B infection (p=0.030). Conclusion: Although the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Denpasar City is relatively low, early screening and enhanced integration of triple elimination efforts across healthcare settings remain essential.
The Correlation Between Anemia and Abortion in Pregnant Women
Background: Anemia in pregnancy can occur when the hemoglobin concentration is less than normal so that oxygen binding cannot occur optimally. Insufficient oxygen supply for the mother's metabolism can indirectly affect both the mother and the fetus. Anemia in pregnancy can increase the risk of abortion. In 2021, there were 7,389 maternal deaths, one of which was caused by abortion. This study aims to determine whether there is an increased risk of abortion in pregnant women with anemia. Method: Analytical observational study using a case-control design with a ratio of case group and control group of 1:2. This study collected data from 52 subjects of pregnant women with abortion as the case group and 104 subjects of pregnant women with vaginal delivery as the control group during the period from January 2021 to December 2023. Subjects were determined based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using purposive sampling. The analysis of univariate and bivariate employed chi-square test; and as multivariate analysis the study employed logistic regression test. Result: Pregnant women with anemia have 2.67 times higher risk of experiencing abortion compared to pregnant women without anemia and this was a statistically significant (OR= 2.67; 95% CI= 1.31 to 5.49; p=0.007). In addition, there was a confounding variable of maternal age (OR= 3.03; 95% CI= 1.36 to 5.74; p=0.007) and gravidity (OR= 2.48; 95% CI= 1.19 to 5.19; p=0.015) Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between anemia and abortion in pregnant women.
The Effect of Bangun-Bangun Leaves and Lemon on Increase in Babies' Weight
Background: Insufficient breast milk production remains a major barrier to successful exclusive breastfeeding and may negatively affect infant weight gain. Therefore, efforts to enhance lactation using natural galactagogues are needed. Bangun-bangun leaves (Plectranthus amboinicus) are traditionally believed to increase breast milk production. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of bangun-bangun leaves combined with lemon on infant weight gain. Methods: quasi-experimental study with a posttest control group design was conducted among 30 breastfeeding mothers. The intervention group (n = 15) received bangun-bangun leaves combined with lemon in the form of brewed tea (200 ml/day) for 14 days, while the control group (n = 15) received no intervention. Moderating variables reflecting breast milk adequacy and the primary outcome was infant weight change, categorized as weight gain or no weight gain. Data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test due to the categorical data and small sample size.. Results: The analysis showed a statistically significant effect of the intervention on infant weight gain (p = 0.04). All infants (100%) in the intervention group experienced weight gain, whereas 33.3% of infants in the control group showed no weight gain. Conclusion: The combination of bangun-bangun leaves and lemon may serve as a potential natural galactagogue to support breast milk production and promote infant weight gain. These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the use of bangun-bangun leaves combined with lemon as a natural and accessible intervention to improve breastfeeding outcomes, although further studies with larger samples and objective measurements are needed.
The Link Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Adolescent Mental Health Disorders: A Systematic Review
Background: The increasing prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents underscores the importance of identifying contributing factors, one of which may be dietary patterns, particularly the rising consumption of ultra-processed foods. This study aims to explore the association between ultra-processed food consumption and mental health issues in adolescents. Methods: This study conducted in systematic literature review. A comprehensive search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, using the Scopus database to identify studies published between 2020 and 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on observational studies involving adolescents aged 10–19 years, examining the relationship between ultra-processed food intake (classified according to the NOVA system) and mental health outcomes. Results: Seven studies (n = 284,507) met the inclusion criteria, with six showing an increased risk of mental health problems linked to higher ultra-processed food consumption. One study revealed a bidirectional relationship, where academic stress was associated with increased fast food consumption. Conclusion: Most included studies indicate that higher ultra-processed food consumption is associated with increased odds or risk of mental health problems among adolescents. In addition, one study reported a possible reverse pathway, suggesting that academic stress may be linked to greater fast-food consumption. Further longitudinal and mechanistic research is needed to clarify the causality and directionality, before specific intervention strategies can be recommended.
Efficacy of Soy Milk and Moringa Jelly Drink as a Nutritional Supplement for Enhancing Hemoglobin Levels in Postpartum Mothers
Background: Postpartum anemia is a condition with hemoglobin (Hb) levels <12 g/dL, which has a serious impact on the health of mothers and babies, increasing the risk of complications such as infection, postpartum hemorrhage, impaired breast milk production, anemia in infants, and delayed growth and development. Soy milk is a plant-based nutrient source rich in protein, iron, carbohydrates, healthy fats, fiber, and isoflavones, which play a role in hemoglobin synthesis and iron absorption. Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract also contains iron, vitamin C, protein, essential amino acids, as well as vitamin B complex and folate that support erythropoiesis. Methods: This study employed a one-group pretest posttest design, conducted at PMB Wulan from January to March 2025, involving a population of all postpartum women in the PMB Wulan work area (n = 20). The intervention was provided in the form of 250 ml of Soy Milk and Moringa Jelly Drink per day for 14 consecutive days. Results: The results showed a significant increase in Hb levels after the intervention, as determined by the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test (p = 0.003). The average Hb level increased from 9.505 g/dL to 10.525 g/dL, with an average change (delta) of 3.45. A total of 65% of respondents experienced an increase in Hb levels, 10% did not change, and 25% experienced a decrease. Conclusion: Consuming Soy Moringa Jelly Drink has the potential to be an alternative nutritional intervention to help increase hemoglobin levels.
Distribution and Determinants of Stunting Prevention Behavior Among Adolescents
Background: Stunting remains a persistent public health concern in Indonesia, and adolescence represents a strategic period to prevent its long-term consequences. Understanding sanitation and nutritional behaviors among adolescents is essential because these behaviors contribute to stunting prevention efforts. The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution and determinants of stunting prevention behavior in adolescents in Sukoharjo district. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional design to assess the relationship between individual characteristics and stunting prevention behaviors among high school students in Sukoharjo District. Data on knowledge, sanitation behavior, and balanced nutrition behavior were obtained using a validated questionnaire. Because the data were not normally distributed, bivariate analysis using Spearman’s correlation test was performed to examine associations between age, pocket money, BMI, knowledge, and stunting prevention behaviors. Result: Most adolescents demonstrated good sanitation behavior but only moderate nutritional behavior. Although knowledge levels were generally high, knowledge did not translate into improved sanitation or nutrition practices. All correlations between age, pocket money, BMI, or knowledge and sanitation or nutritional behavior were categorized as very weak, with p-values >0.05. Additionally, sanitation behavior did not correlate with nutritional behavior, indicating that these behaviors are shaped by different influencing factors. Conclusions: Individual characteristics and knowledge were not significant predictors of adolescents’ sanitation or nutritional behavior. The absence of meaningful associations suggests that broader social, environmental, and familial influences may play a more dominant role in shaping stunting prevention behaviors. Therefore, interventions should emphasize supportive environments, family engagement, and behavior-oriented strategies rather than relying solely on knowledge-based approaches