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Impact of first trimester bleeding on feto-maternal outcome : A cohort study in a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the impact of first trimester bleeding on maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies that crossed period of viability. Threatened miscarriage is presumed to be associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome which needs to be systematically evaluated and documented.
Methods: A prospective cohort study having 100 participants where pregnancy outcomes were compared between 50 patients with threatened miscarriage [TM] and 50 uncomplicated controls. Baseline demographic and clinical history were recorded to make the two arms comparable. Maternal outcomes in terms of antepartum haemorrhage [APH], preeclampsia, preterm labour, operative morbidity due to caesarean section and neonatal outcomes including low birth weight (LBW), prematurity and perinatal death were compared among case and control groups.
Result: APH was 5.75 fold increased among cases (P=0.0001). LBW was more prevalent among babies born to the mothers with pregnancies complicated with first trimester vaginal bleeding (p-value=0.0001).
Conclusion: Threatened miscarriage should be considered as high risk pregnancy requiring frequent antenatal visits and timely referral to higher centres when complications are identified.Keywords
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