Kajian Bahan Kaca Boro-tellurite untuk Shielding Radiasi Gamma Pada Kedokteran Nuklir Pengganti Bahan Konvensional

Tina Sasmi, Indra Wijaya, Dewi Ratnasari, Ahmad Marzuki

Abstract

Pemanfaatan teknologi nuklir telah menjangkau berbagai bidang kehidupan. Salah satu aplikasi teknologi nuklir yang sangat dekat dengan manusia adalah kedokteran nuklir. Sinar gamma merupakan radiasi pengion yang energinya mampu merusak sel-sel hidup, memperlambat dan memindahkan energi ke sel-sel yang dilaluinya sehingga dibutuhkan bahan  pelindung  radiasi gamma. Bahan pelindung dengan kepadatan tinggi seperti timbal, beton, dan besi memberikan perlindungan yang efektif terhadap radiasi gamma. Studi review ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya kebutuhan mendesak pada aplikasi radiasi gamma berbagai bidang yang membutuhkan bahan pelindung radiasi gamma transparan. Kaca merupakan bahan alternatif pengganti bahan pelindung radiasi konvensional yang sering digunakan. Kaca dengan bahan boro-tellurite ternyata memiliki densitas yang tinggi berkisar antara 3,172 sampi 6,64 g/cm3 serta nilai HVL sebesar 1,0 sampai 2,988 cm, dan MFP sebesar 1,456 sampai 4,311 cm pada pengujian karakteristik bahan pelindung radiasi gamma dengan energi 662 keV. Pembentukan kaca boro-tellurite menggunakan metode melt-quenching. Borotellurite merupakan bahan dasar kaca yang karakteristik sebagai pelindung radiasi gamma dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan bahan Heavy Metal Oxyde (HMO) seperti TeO2, WO3, Bi2O3, PbO, TiO2, dan Ag2O. Saat ini, sebagian besar penelitian berfokus pada pelindung radiasi yang transparan,praktis, dan relatif murah dalam segi biaya

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