RENCANA PERJALANAN MASYARAKAT DKI JAKARTA KE LUAR KOTA SELAMA PERIODE LIBUR NATAL 2021 DAN TAHUN BARU 2022
Abstract
The government implements the PPKM Level 3 policy for all parts of Indonesia during the Christmas 2021 and New Year 2022 holidays. The policy was carried out to tighten the movement of people and prevent a surge in Covid-19 cases after the Nataru holiday. This study aims to analyze the correlation between Urban Community Travel Patterns, the potential to contract Covid-19, PPKM Level 3 Policy, Leave Prohibition, and Income Reduction during the Covid-19 pandemic. The analysis uses a statisticalquantitative approach to find out and analyze how big the relationship between variables is. This result is also in accordance with skinner’s t eori who mentioned that the relationship of stimulus and response that occurs can give rise to a change in behavior. The Community Activity Restriction Regulation Policy (PPKM) proved to have a negative and significant effect on travel patterns with the results of a correlation test of 0.023. The results showed the results of 0.844 determination tests of 71.3%, while the remaining 13.1% were other factors that were not studied. The results showed that the social restriction policy (PPKM) has not only affected the transmission of Covid-19 but has also changed the behavior of some urban people to re-plan travel patterns during Christmas and New Year 2021/2022 holidays. This is also directly proportional to the Indonesian Government's policy in controlling the growth rate of Covid-19, where they become more cautious in traveling during the Christmas and New Year holidays 2021/2022 which are considered riskier due to mobility and direct interaction with many people.
Keywords: Covid-19, Social Restricriskiervel Restrictions, Leave Ban, Decrease in Income
Abstrak
Pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan PPKM Level 3 untuk seluruh wilayah Indonesia selama masa libur Hari Raya Natal 2021 dan Tahun Baru 2022. Kebijakan tersebut dilakukan untuk memperketat pergerakan orang dan mencegah lonjakan kasus Covid-19 pasca libur Nataru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi Pola Perjalanan Masyarakat Perkotaan, potensi tertular Covid-19, Kebijakan PPKM Level 3, Larangan Cuti dan Penurunan Pendapatan selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Analisis menggunakan pendekatan statistik-kuantitatif untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis seberapa besar hubungan antar variable. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Kebijakan Pengaturan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) terbukti berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap pola perjalanan dengan hasil uji korelasi sebesar 0.023. Hasil uji korelasi secara keseluruhan menunjukan hasil 0.844 uji determinasi sebesar 71.3%, sedangkan sisanya 13.1% merupakan faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diteliti. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya pengaruh kebijakan pemerintah dalam membatasi pergerakan masyarakat selama periode libur Nataru dapat mempengaruhi masyarakat kota dalam merencanakan perjalanan ke luar kota. Hasil ini juga sesuai dengan teori Skinner yang menyebutkan bahwa hubungan stimulus dan respon yang terjadi dapat menimbulkan adanya perubahan perilaku. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kebijakan pembatasan sosial (PPKM) tidak hanya telah berpengaruh terhadap penularan Covid-19, melainkan juga telah merubah perilaku sebagian masyarakat perkotaan untuk merencanakan kembali pola perjalanan pada masa libur Natal dan Tahun Baru 2021/2022. Hal ini juga berbanding lurus dengan Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam mengendalikan laju pertumbuhan Covid-19, di mana mereka menjadi lebih berhati-hati dalam melakukan perjalanan pada masa libur Natal dan Tahun Baru 2021/2022 yang dipandang lebih berisiko karena adanya mobilitas dan interaksi langsung dengan banyak orang.
Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Pembatasan Sosial, Pembatasan Perjalanan, Larangan Cuti, Penurunan Pendapatan
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