GeoEco is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia, and in collaboration with the Indonesian Geographic Association (IGI) (LoA). GeoEco is a journal that covers all fields of education and science related to geography and the environment. This journal aims to reveal facts, problems and problem-solving that can be used as input for the Government, institutions, communities and individuals. GeoEco accepts scientific research, reviews, and discussion papers on environmental sustainability, geographic science, and geographic education. GeoEco is published twice a year, in January and July.
Geoeco is an open-access journal, which means that all contents are freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the articles' full texts in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the Author. Geoeco operates a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the Author, but Geoeco is licensed to publish the paper, and the Author agrees to make the article available with the CC-BY 4.0 license.
ECONOMIC VALUATION OF CARBON SAVINGS OF POLOKARTO RUBBER PLANTATIONS, SUKOHARJO
Rubber plantations play a significant role in carbon absorption and storage, which can help mitigate the impact of climate change. The importance of rubber plantations can be identified through the economic valuation of carbon stocks. This study aims to calculate the economic value of carbon storage in the Polokarto Rubber Plantation. This research was done at the Polokarto Rubber Plantation, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. This study uses the plot method to measure biomass and carbon storage. The estimation of the economic value of carbon is carried out using a proxy market approach, namely, substituting carbon stocks into market prices. The results showed that the total estimated value of carbon storage was 6136.935 tons from 140 hectares of plantation area. The economic valuation of carbon savings in the Polokarto Rubber Plantation shows an economic value of Rp. 2,291,908,029.96. Several recommendations that can be made are to improve plantation management, take a sustainable approach to plantation management to maintain carbon stocks and other environmental benefits, combine satellite technology to monitor changes in carbon stocks in large plantation areas, and establish economic incentive policies for rubber farmers who participate in maintaining carbon stocks through conservation and good land management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lia Kusumaningrum, Callista Fabiola Candraningtyas, Anggi Dwiki Reza, Bisma Yoga Herdananta, Eyda Firdausi, Lunetta Khalis Alfiyah, Astha Dharmashbhai Desai
SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF NO₂, SO₂, AND CO DISTRIBUTION AFFECTING AIR QUALITY IN GREATER JAKARTA
According to the WHO, nearly the entire global population, at approximately 97%, is exposed to air contaminated with pollutants exceeding the WHO guideline threshold. Air pollution results from the coalescence of pollutants with atmospheric air and has become a global challenge, primarily impacting the most significant urban areas worldwide. The Greater Jakarta, or Jabodetabek, is the world's second-largest metropolitan region, with a population of around 34.6 million distributed across 14 municipalities and cities. The high-intensity human activities in Greater Jakarta have severely deteriorated the air quality. This study employs a holistic approach, utilising spatiotemporal analysis and quantitative-descriptive methods to investigate the atmospheric concentrations of CO, NO₂, and SO₂ in Greater Jakarta and its surrounding areas. The spatial distribution patterns of pollutants and their driving factors, including stationary and climatic factors, are investigated during July-December 2023. Results indicated that CO, NO₂, and SO₂ concentrations are significantly above the thresholds defined by the WHO, particularly during the dry season. It is found that the combination of stationary sources, including coal-fired power plants and industrial areas, along with climatic factors, significantly affects pollutant dispersion. These findings underscore the urgent need for stricter emission controls in coal-fired power plants and industrial areas to mitigate the effects of air pollution on public health.
OPTIMIZATION OF LAND USE MAPPING USING SENTINEL IMAGERY TO SUPPORT FLOOD DISASTER MITIGATION IN TORUE DISTRICT
To mitigate risk, effective land use planning must consider these socioeconomic factors. Numerous natural disasters will be brought on by improper land modification—the interaction between climate change and land-use change, such as deforestation. Different types of land transformation, such as cultivation and reforestation, are understood in varying ways. This study aims to accurately map land use by utilising GIS and Sentinel-2 data to support disaster mitigation efforts in Torue District. This study adopts a spatial approach and a descriptive quantitative method. Descriptive statistics are employed in this study's data analysis to illustrate the spatial characteristics of the study region, based on satellite image interpretation and GIS data processing. The results obtained eight land use classes. High-quality satellite imagery is required for accurate classification. Similarly, between classes and high intra-class variation can complicate the classification process, requiring advanced techniques to improve accuracy. Land use mapping produced eight classes with a total area of 26,467 ha, achieving an Overall Accuracy of 94.43%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Widyastuti Widyastuti
THE MODERATING EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS ON WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR THE BODY SHOP PRODUCTS
Single-use plastic consumption was so high that it led to a buildup of plastic waste, threatening the sustainability of ecosystems and marine life. Much of this plastic waste originated from environmentally unfriendly products, which had become an increasingly pressing social issue. This study investigated the impact of green product attributes, perceived price, and environmental awareness on consumers' purchase intentions for green products. Data were collected through a survey of 250 randomly selected respondents and analysed using descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to assess both measurement and structural relationships. Validity tests were conducted using product-moment correlation analysis, and reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Hypothesis testing was carried out with the help of PLS-SEM software. The results showed that Attitude Toward Green Brand and Price & Value Perception positively and significantly influenced Green Purchase Intention, with regression coefficients of 0.232 and 0.198, respectively. However, environmental awareness did not significantly influence GPI, with a p-value coefficient of -0.052. This research provided important insights for developing green product marketing strategies, emphasising the importance of strengthening product attributes and perceived value to increase consumer purchase intentions. Theoretically, the findings extended the understanding of consumer behaviour in green marketing by confirming that perceived product value mediated the relationship between environmental concern and purchase intention, thereby enriching existing models of sustainable consumption.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naniek Utami Handayani
STRATEGY ANALYSIS FOR ACHIEVING SDGS TARGETS IN POSO REGENCY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOMINI BAY ECONOMIC AREA
Poso Regency has a highly strategic geopolitical position and a very high economic potential. However, in achieving sustainable development goals, there are several indicators whose progress is relatively slow. This research aims to map the general conditions of the region in achieving SDG indicators for Poso Regency, categorise the achievement of SDG indicators for Poso Regency, and identify regional strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges in achieving SDG indicators for Poso Regency. Data collection was conducted through the search of secondary data and the collection of primary data via interviews and questionnaires completed by stakeholders in Poso Regency. The data analysis technique chosen in this research is SWOT analysis. The research results indicate that Poso Regency has greater strengths than weaknesses in achieving poverty indicators and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) growth rates. Poso Regency has greater opportunities than threats in achieving the SDGs' poverty indicators and GRDP growth rates. Poso Regency shows advantageous conditions in achieving poverty indicators and economic growth rates by maximising its strengths and opportunities. Efforts to reduce poverty rates and increase the GRDP of Poso Regency can be implemented through integrated and sustainable programs involving various relevant stakeholders.
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPROVING PUBLIC HEALTH: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Climate change represents a critical global health threat, necessitating effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. While numerous studies have examined climate strategies in specific regions, a comprehensive analysis comparing approaches across multiple continents and identifying the most effective strategies from a global public health perspective remains limited. This systematic literature review followed PRISMA guidelines, analyzing 21 studies from 2014-2024 sourced from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and EBSCOhost. The review included studies examining climate adaptation and mitigation strategies with measurable public health outcomes across diverse geographical contexts. The analysis identified five key strategy categories. Health system strengthening and leadership emerged as the most frequently implemented approach (12 countries), demonstrating effectiveness through improved emergency response coordination and resource allocation. Environmental conservation strategies (8 countries) showed significant benefits in reducing direct climate impacts, while green economy approaches (8 countries) provided sustainable funding mechanisms. The findings reveal that contextual implementation varies significantly between developed and developing nations. Effective climate-health action requires tailored approaches that consider local capacities and resources. Leadership and health system strengthening provide the foundational framework for successful implementation, while integrated multi-sectoral approaches deliver the most comprehensive public health protection. Future policies should prioritize context-specific strategies that address both immediate health risks and underlying climate drivers.
Copyright (c) 2026 ERIAN FATRIA, Eka Apriyanti, Agus Priadi
E-STUDENT WORKSHEET BASED ON QR CODE ASSEMBLR EDU: THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOGRAPHY LEARNING SOURCE IN THE ERA OF DIGITALIZATION
One of the challenges in using student worksheets lies in their limited visual appeal, minimal interactivity, unclear instructions, and lack of technological integration, all of which fail to promote higher-order thinking skills and consequently reduce the effectiveness of learning and its relevance to contemporary students’ needs. This study aims to develop electronic student worksheets (e-student worksheets) based on the Assemblr Edu QR code that are valid and practical for students. This research employs the ADDIE model, which comprises five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The selection of the Research and Development (R&D) method was based on the need to design, validate, and produce a feasible digital learning product that aligns with the demands of technological innovation in the geography learning process. The study involved 184 Grade X students of SMAN 8 Banjarmasin, with data collected through observations and questionnaires. The research instruments included validation and product-effectiveness sheets. Validation was conducted by experts in materials, language, and media/learning technology, while teachers and students implemented effectiveness testing. The developed QR Code–based Assemblr Edu LKPD obtained material validation of 90.90% (very feasible), language validation of 95% (very feasible), and media/technology validation of 95.83% (very feasible). Product effectiveness reached 95.29% from teachers (very feasible) and 78.02% from students (feasible). These results indicate that the QR Code–based Assemblr Edu LKPD is highly appropriate for use in learning, particularly in geography instruction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Karunia Puji Hastuti, Deasy Arisanty, Ahmad Ilham Masful Fani, Nevy Farista Aristin, Aswin Nur Saputra, Dharmono Dharmono
MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS PRESERVATION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM THROUGH TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURE OF THE KAMPUNG NAGA COMMUNITY
One of the indigenous communities in Indonesia that still practices a traditional agricultural system is the residents of Kampung Naga, Tasikmalaya. This community utilises the surrounding nature in accordance with the principle of conservation, aiming to maintain environmental sustainability for future generations. This study aims to examine environmental conservation activities and the role of local wisdom in the traditional agricultural system in Kampung Naga. A multidisciplinary approach is used to examine aspects of social geography, environmental ethics, and regional planning. The research method involves collecting primary data through observation, interviews, and documentation, complemented by a literature review. The results of the study indicate that the local wisdom of the Kampung Naga community plays a significant role in preserving the environment through a customary zoning system consisting of settlement areas, sacred forests, and agricultural land. These divisions regulate human–nature interactions that maintain ecosystem balance and sustainability. Traditional agricultural practices, supported by the Leuit (communal granary) and Goah (private granary) systems, ensure food availability and resilience in the face of crop failure or natural disturbances. This research also develops a conceptual model of environmental ethics based on local wisdom, integrating spatial management, ethical norms, and sustainable agriculture, which can be applied in other indigenous areas facing environmental challenges.
Copyright (c) 2026 ERNI MULYANIE, Dede Rohmat, Iwan Setiawan, Bagja Waluya
IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING BASED ON ECOPEDAGOGY AS A STRATEGY TO STRENGTHEN THE PROFILE OF PANCASILA STUDENTS IN THE MERDEKA CURRICULUM
Social Studies (IPS) learning in junior high schools in Sukoharjo Regency is challenged by students’ low ecological awareness, limited variation in learning models that encourage active engagement, and the suboptimal implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum integrated with the Pancasila Student Profile. These conditions result in a lack of critical thinking, creativity, and environmental awareness among students. This study aims to develop a Project-Based Learning–Ecopedagogy (PJBL_EP) model as an alternative instructional strategy to strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile at the junior high school level. The research employs a Research and Development (R&D) method, referring to the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research subjects involved teachers and students from JHS 3 Nguter, JHS 5 Sukoharjo, and JHS Muhammadiyah Kartasura, with an extended trial involving 40 Social Studies teachers from 12 sub-districts in Sukoharjo Regency. The PJBL_EP model is designed through the integration of project-based learning with ecopedagogy principles, emphasising ecological awareness, critical thinking, creativity, independence, collaboration, and noble character development. Validation results showed an excellent feasibility score (92; 88.75; and 91.67). Field trials identified challenges in teachers’ mastery of content, classroom management, and students’ literacy; however, improvements in syntax, group management, and teaching modules enhanced practicality. Overall, PJBL_EP effectively makes Social Studies learning more contextual, creative, and environmentally oriented, while simultaneously strengthening the values of the Pancasila Student Profile.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pranichayudha - Rohsulina
GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF DEEP LEARNING PEDAGOGY IN THE MERDEKA BELAJAR CURRICULUM: A STUDY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN SURAKARTA
There is still a gap between the implementation of deep learning pedagogy in the Independent Curriculum and the pedagogical readiness of geography teachers in Surakarta City. This study examines geography teachers’ understanding of the deep learning approach within the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesian senior high schools. Deep learning is emphasised in the curriculum to promote meaningful, reflective, and critical learning; however, limited evidence exists regarding teachers’ pedagogical readiness. Using a mixed-methods embedded design, data were collected from 25 geography teachers in Surakarta City through questionnaires and focus group discussions. The study focused on four indicators: knowledge of deep learning concepts, implementation in classroom practice, perceptions of effectiveness, and professional development needs. The results indicate that 64% of teachers demonstrated a moderate understanding of deep learning, 24% showed high understanding, and 12% had low levels. While most teachers acknowledged the importance of deep learning and displayed enthusiasm, they faced challenges related to conceptual clarity, consistency in instructional practice, and limited institutional support. These findings suggest a gap between theoretical knowledge and actual implementation in geography education. The study underscores the need for structured professional development, collaborative learning communities, and contextual instructional design to enhance teacher capacity. This research contributes to the international discourse on curriculum reform by mapping teacher readiness and highlighting practical challenges in applying deep learning pedagogy within the Indonesian context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chatarina Muryani, Singgih Prihadi, Albertus Erico Jerry Krisna Nugroho, Fitria Dewi Kartika
STRENGTHENING VILLAGE INNOVATION SPACES THROUGH GEOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION AND PLACE-BASED LEADERSHIP: EVIDENCE FROM PANGGUNG HARJO AT COVID-19 PERIOD
The development of technology in today's era is one of the factors causing the emergence of local leaders who are placelessness or not oriented towards place. Regional leaders must have a Place-based principle to improve the welfare of the local community by developing village innovation while still using local strengths. Panggungharjo Village, located in Sewon District, was named the Best and Inspiring Village because the village head implemented place-based leadership. This study uses a qualitative approach with a thematic method. Data collection was carried out through Elite Interviewing of village government and village enterprise, field observations, document archives, and online data search techniques. The focus of this study is on the communication patterns that occur in the Panggungharjo Village Government in creating relational space in the form of place-based village innovation. Based on the results of the study, Panggungharjo Village has the innovations KUPAS, Pasardesa.id. and Pasti Angkut. The geographic communication that is formed is between the village head, the community, and third parties in solving the waste problem. Place-based leadership from the three innovations is formed because of the fields of political, community, business, union, and managerial leadership. The innovation space that is formed is the integration of real space and cyberspace applied in the innovations KUPAS, Pasardesa.id, and Pasti Angkut
COASTAL COMMUNITIES' ADAPTATION TO DOMESTIC WATER NEEDS DUE TO TIDAL FLOODS IN TAMBAK LOROK AND KEMIJEN
Tambak Lorok and Kemijen in Semarang face chronic tidal flooding, land subsidence, and seawater intrusion that degrade groundwater, the leading domestic water source. Limited piped-water supply forces households to combine unsafe wells with bottled water to meet daily needs. Scientific gaps persist regarding integrated analyses of groundwater quality, household-level adaptation, and stakeholder roles at the village scale. This study aimed to analyse the quality of water used by communities affected by tidal flooding and to examine how coastal households adapt to fulfil domestic water needs in Tambak Lorok and Kemijen. A mixed quantitative–qualitative approach was applied through groundwater sampling and semi-structured interviews with 114 household respondents. The results show that 2 of 7 artesian well samples fall into the brackish category, with Electrical Conductivity values of 1,045 µmhos/cm in Tambak Lorok and 1,165 µmhos/cm in Kemijen. Other samples indicate fresh water transitioning to brackish, with EC values ranging from 663–937 µmhos/cm in Tambak Lorok and 912 µmhos/cm in Kemijen. Community adaptations include reliance on artesian wells (90.4%), universal use of gallon water for drinking and cooking (100%), and limited use of PDAM services (9.6%). In conclusion, degraded groundwater conditions directly shape household adaptation strategies and demonstrate uneven vulnerability across neighbourhoods. The findings imply the urgency of improving piped-water access, strengthening stakeholder coordination, and designing targeted interventions for chronically affected communities. Scientifically, this study contributes a novel village-scale integration of water-quality assessment, adaptation behaviour, and governance analysis, offering a comprehensive framework for coastal water management under tidal-flood pressures.
BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD: LESSONS FROM SUSTAINABLE SCHOOL PRACTICES IN INDONESIA
Pollution and climate change are mostly caused by human activities that do not consider the environment or implement sustainable approaches. Thus, being conscious of the environment is an important part of teaching children the way to act in a manner that is good for the environment from an early age. This study attempts to assess the extent of environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among students in primary schools in SDN Pati Kidul 01, Indonesia, which implemented the Adiwiyata School Program. This study utilized a mixed-method approach including an exploratory sequential design, incorporating field observations, questionnaires, and documentation of school activities. The findings demonstrate that Adiwiyata programs such as "Healthy Classroom, Healthy Student", "Green School", and "Friday Cleanup Day" play significant roles in fostering students' environmental awareness through habituation of caring attitudes, actual actions, and environmental issue knowledge. Even while the majority of students exhibited strong pro-environmental behavior, there were still some small conceptual gaps in their knowledge of environmental issues. These findings show that incorporating ecological education into the regular school day successfully fosters a sense of environmental responsibility, establishing the Adiwiyata Program as a strategic plan for producing a future generation that is environmentally conscious.
Copyright (c) 2026 Novika Adi Wibowo, Sumarmi Sumarmi, Alfyananda Kurnia Putra, Sigit Wibowo, A Riyan Rahman Hakiki, Batchuluun Yembuu, Annisa Anna Firdausi, Aura Julita Andiansyah, Intan Pratiwi, Dedy Zain Mochtar Asri
HUMAN VALUES IN NUSANTARA AND WESTERN LITERATURE: CHARACTER BUILDING STRATEGIES THROUGH LOCAL WISDOM BASED ON TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE
The increasingly intense currents of globalisation and modernisation have led to moral degradation, ecological crises, and a weakening of human values and environmental awareness in society. Literature, as a product of culture and a reflection of human thought, has a strategic role in transmitting ethical, social, and ecological values that contribute to character building. However, contemporary literary studies and educational practices still tend to ignore local wisdom, especially values derived from Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). Nusantara literature represents the values of collective ethics, harmony between humans and nature, and spirituality rooted in traditional ecological knowledge, while Western literature emphasises individuality, rationality, and moral autonomy. These differences in value orientation show the potential for complementarity in responding to today's moral and ecological issues. Through a qualitative comparative analysis of Nusantara and Western literary works, this article shows that the integration of TEK-based local wisdom in literary learning can strengthen character education, foster ecological ethics, and support cultural and environmental sustainability. The TEK-based literary approach is a contextual and transformative strategy in responding to the challenge of the degradation of human values in the global era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Christiana Evy Tri Widyahening, Siti Supeni
GEOSPATIAL DEEP LEARNING: A CONTEXTUAL-CONSTRUCTIVE APPROACH TO GEOGRAPHY LEARNING TO EMPOWER SPATIAL THINKING SKILLS STUDENTS
Geography education in the digital native era requires students to develop critical, creative, and innovative thinking through a spatial approach. Learning geography is not just about learning theory, but about learning deeply by optimising technology and geospatial data. This study aims to analyse the concepts and characteristics of Geospatial Deep Learning in geography education and to analyse the potential of Geospatial Deep Learning in empowering spatial thinking skills. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, utilising 10 informants of geography teachers and vice principals of senior high schools in Surakarta City. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, as informants were selected based on the researcher's considerations. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews and observations of teaching practices. The researcher employs an interactive data analysis model. The validity of the data used was triangulated by source and method. The research findings indicate that Geospatial Deep Learning in the context of high school geography education in Surakarta has already utilised geospatial data to enhance students' spatial thinking skills, though not yet to its full potential. Teachers have endeavoured to help students use data from Google Earth to strengthen their analysis. The potential of Geospatial Deep Learning in geography learning is significant, particularly in developing spatial thinking skills. Teachers noticed an improvement in spatial representation, which is evident in students' ability to visualise and manipulate spatial data in a more interesting, interactive, and informative way.
Copyright (c) 2026 Singgih Prihadi, Chatarina Muryani, Sugiyanto Sugiyanto, Rita Noviani, Imasti Pratiwi
SUSTAINABILITY OF THE SALT EDU-TOURISM AREA IN BUNDER VILLAGE, PADEMAWU DISTRICT, PAMEKASAN REGENCY
The salt edu-tourism area in Bunder Village was established to promote local economic development and generate village income by leveraging salt farming as a tourism attraction. However, the initial objectives have not been fully achieved due to declining tourist visits. This study aims to assess the sustainability status of salt edu-tourism across five dimensions—ecological, social, economic, institutional, and infrastructure—and identify leverage attributes to enhance its long-term viability. A quantitative survey approach was employed, involving 30 purposively selected respondents, including tourism managers, residents, and visitors. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and field observations and analysed using the RAPFISH method, incorporating multidimensional scaling and leverage analysis. The results revealed that the overall sustainability of the salt edu-tourism site is categorised as low, with moderate sustainability achieved only in the ecological and institutional dimensions. Key leverage factors include waste management practices, village funding, community engagement, government support, and infrastructure improvements. Compared to previous studies that primarily focused on potential development and socio-economic impacts, this research provides a novel multidimensional sustainability assessment. To improve sustainability, it is recommended to strengthen waste management systems, enhance community participation, secure greater funding, foster strategic collaborations, upgrade infrastructure, and introduce indoor educational facilities. These integrated efforts are crucial to support the future growth and resilience of salt edu-tourism in Bunder Village.
ANALYSIS OF FOOD FULFILLMENT IN PERI-URBAN AREAS OF SURAKARTA CITY IN 2025
The rapid growth of urbanisation in the city of Surakarta has led to the conversion of agricultural land into residential and industrial areas, significantly impacting the food security of peri-urban areas. This study aims to analyse the land carrying capacity (σ), optimal population, and agricultural land needs for the viability of residents in the peri-urban area of Surakarta City. Data were obtained through the analysis of Sentinel-2A imagery and population statistics, utilising a guided classification approach with the CART algorithm. The results showed that most villages in eight peri-urban sub-districts were in a state of food deficit, with a σ value of < 1, indicating a high dependence on external food supply. Only a few villages in the northern part of Gondangrejo show surplus status. This condition highlights the urgency of implementing a strategy to protect agricultural land and control population growth rates to achieve sustainable food security in suburban areas. These findings make an important contribution to spatial planning and food policy in metropolitan areas.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rita Noviani, Chatarina Muryani, Sugiyanto Sugiyanto, Singgih Prihadi, Imasti Dhani Pratiwi, Istiyanti Nur Marfu'ah
STUDENT’S KNOWLEDGE ABOUT LAND SUBSIDENCE IN SEMARANG CITY, INDONESIA
The city of Semarang is one of the cities on Java Island's north coast that experiences land subsidence. The rate of land subsidence varies across different areas. This research aims to analyse the relationship between students' knowledge about land subsidence phenomena and the location of schools experiencing (SMAN 14 Semarang) and not experiencing (SMAN 4 Semarang) land subsidence in Semarang City. The population for this study comprises all high school students at SMA Negeri 4 Semarang (1,179 students) and SMA Negeri 14 Semarang (958 students). Sampling was conducted using the Slovin formula with a 5% margin of error, yielding 306 respondents from SMA Negeri 4 Semarang and 300 from SMA Negeri 14 Semarang. The sampling technique employed was cluster random sampling. Data collection techniques included multiple-choice tests, followed by point-biserial correlation analysis. The results of this study indicate that students at both SMA Negeri 14 Semarang and SMA Negeri 4 Semarang demonstrate a high level of knowledge about land subsidence, and the analysis indicates no significant relationship between students’ knowledge and school location in areas with different subsidence conditions in Semarang. This highlights the effectiveness of geography instruction in conveying local environmental phenomena and underscores the importance of integrating contextual, place-based examples, such as land subsidence, into geography curricula.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aurelia Ayu Widhi Astuti, Wahyu Widiyatmoko, Yunus Aris Wibowo, Ratih Puspita Dewi, Muhammad Musiyam
APPLICATION OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING MODEL BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) TO IMPROVE CRITICAL SPATIAL THINKING OF STUDENTS IN SUKOHARJO REGENCY
Project-Based Learning (PjBL) is a learning model that emphasises problem-solving through real-world activities and meaningful projects. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in PjBL is expected to enhance students’ engagement and higher-order thinking skills, particularly critical spatial thinking in geography learning. This study aims to improve students’ critical spatial thinking skills by applying an AI-based Project-Based Learning model to the topic of the dynamics of international cooperation. The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in three cycles—planning, action, observation, and reflection—during the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year at State Senior High School 1 Sukoharjo. The research subjects were 35 students in Phase F+ / Grade XII. Data were collected using observation sheets, written tests (pretest and posttest), questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive qualitative analysis supported by quantitative data in the form of students’ learning achievement percentages based on critical spatial thinking indicators. The results showed a consistent improvement in students’ learning outcomes across the three cycles, with mastery learning increasing from 68.57% in cycle I to 77.14% in cycle II and reaching 91.43% in cycle III, exceeding the classical mastery criterion of 85%. The findings indicate that implementing AI-based PjBL effectively enhances students’ critical spatial thinking skills, learning motivation, and active participation. Therefore, AI-based Project-Based Learning can be considered a practical instructional approach to support meaningful, technology-integrated geography learning.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION EDUCATION IN DISASTER-SAFE EDUCATIONAL UNITS: A COMPARISON OF SMAN 5 AND SMAS AL ADZKAR SOUTH TANGERANG
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) education is critical in disaster-prone Indonesia, including vulnerable Tangerang Selatan. Disaster-safe educational units (SPAB) aim to enhance school community preparedness, yet implementation remains suboptimal, requiring comparative school evaluations. This study compares DRR education implementation in SPAB at SMAN 5 and SMAS Al Adzkar Tangerang Selatan, focusing on the school community's preparedness level. A mixed methods approach with an explanatory sequential design was employed, involving 373 respondents (principals, teachers, students, and non-teacher staff). Quantitative data were collected via written tests and structured questionnaires, while qualitative data came from in-depth interviews and observations. The results indicate that students’ understanding of disaster threats at both schools was “Very High” (average score >3.21 out of 4), while teachers and educational staff scored “High” (average 2.41–3.20). Understanding of disaster risk among principals, teachers, and educational staff was “Medium” (average 1.00–1.07 out of 2), with students at SMAN 5 scoring “High” (1.38) and students at SMAS Al Adzkar “Medium” (1.19). The average score for understanding disaster capacity across all groups was in the “High” category. Qualitative findings reveal that the integration of disaster risk reduction materials into the curriculum remains limited to certain subjects, the development of specific disaster risk reduction teaching materials is suboptimal, and extracurricular activities at both schools are not explicitly designed as part of disaster risk reduction efforts. These results highlight the need to strengthen SPAB implementation comprehensively by enhancing preparedness, curriculum integration, instructional materials, and extracurricular programs to improve resilience in disaster-prone schools.
IMPACT OF FISH AUCTION SITE WASTE ON GROUNDWATER POLLUTION LEVEL IN LAMPULO VILLAGE
Waste generated from activities at the fish auction site in Lampulo Village has the potential to degrade environmental quality, particularly groundwater quality. This study aims to assess the impact of waste from fish auction sites on groundwater quality in Lampulo Village. Groundwater quality was evaluated using electrical conductivity (EC) and salinity parameters to indicate pollution levels. The results show that groundwater quality in the study area has significantly declined due to waste generated from fish auction activities. Groundwater pollution levels are classified as very high, with EC values exceeding 4,500 µS/cm, indicating very saline groundwater conditions. Electrical conductivity is the ability of groundwater to conduct an electric current and reflects the concentration of dissolved ions, which serves as an important indicator of groundwater contamination. Elevated EC values observed in Lampulo Village suggest a substantial contribution from dissolved salts originating from waste from the fish auction site. Furthermore, groundwater salinity classification reveals that most groundwater wells in the study area fall within the brackish and salty water categories. These conditions indicate that groundwater surrounding the fish auction site has been contaminated and is no longer suitable for domestic use, including drinking, cooking, and bathing. This study emphasises the need for effective waste management strategies at the fish auction site to mitigate groundwater pollution and to support environmental sustainability and public health protection in coastal settlement areas.
DETERMINANTS OF URBAN FARMING INCOME IN YOGYAKARTA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF OPERATIONAL, BIOTIC STRESS, AND INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS
Although Indonesia's metropolitan districts are seeing fast economic expansion, urban residents are nonetheless at risk because of unstable income and few job prospects. Urban poverty and unemployment rates in Yogyakarta's Special Region are still comparatively high, highlighting the need for alternative livelihood methods. Although urban farming has become a supplementary source of income to increase household resilience, the factors influencing its income performance are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to examine the structural, operational, biotic, and institutional aspects of urban farming revenue in Yogyakarta City. In 2024, a systematic questionnaire was used to gather primary data from 217 urban farming households. Stata 19 was used for hypothesis testing, and SPSS 27 was used for descriptive analysis. Net urban farming income was the dependent variable in a multiple linear regression model, and 22 independent variables were used to indicate sociodemographic traits, farm structure, input management, biotic stress, and institutional support. Eleven variables have a significant impact on income, and the results demonstrate excellent explanatory power (R2 = 0.7448). The most favorable factor is farm size, which is followed by financial support, seed subsidies, and technical aid. Positive impacts also come from gender and family size, emphasizing the importance of women's involvement and domestic work. Crop type has a negative correlation with income, although fertilizer type and expenditure boost it. Income is greatly decreased by biotic stress, particularly pest type and severity. The variables of training and market access are not statistically significant. In Yogyakarta, land access, household labor, efficient input usage, pest and disease control, and institutional assistance are the main factors influencing urban farming income.
ANALYSIS OF THE ECOPEDAGOGICAL APPROACH IN GEOGRAPHY LEARNING ON THE LEVEL OF ECOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE OF ADIWIYATA HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PEKANBARU
Geography learning grounded in an ecopedagogical approach plays an important role in fostering students’ ecological intelligence, particularly in the context of contemporary environmental challenges. This study aims to examine the implementation of ecopedagogical approaches in geography learning, analyse students’ levels of ecological intelligence, and investigate the influence of ecopedagogical approaches on students’ ecological intelligence. This research employed a survey method with a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design involving 7 geography teachers and 206 students. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, Pearson correlation analysis, and simple linear regression. The results indicate that: (1) the ecopedagogical approach was implemented effectively at a high level (mean scores ranging from 1.88 to 1.95), although the indicators related to the use of the environment as a learning setting (1.90) and as learning materials (1.88) showed the lowest scores; (2) students’ ecological intelligence was also categorized as high (mean scores ranging from 1.59 to 1.98), with relatively lower performance in ecological systems understanding (1.59) and sustainable practice skills (1.86); and (3) correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between ecopedagogical approaches and ecological intelligence (r = 0.430; p < 0.05), with a contribution of 18.5%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Titis Indriani Santoso
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOCAL WISDOM IN ENVIRONMENTAL LEARNING IN THE GEOGRAPHY SUBJECT AT SMA NEGERI 1 KERJO, KARANGANYAR REGENCY
Geography education plays a crucial role in enhancing students’ environmental awareness. One of the applicable approaches is the integration of local wisdom into the learning process. Local wisdom reflects the traditional ways communities have preserved environmental balance across generations. This study aims to (1) analyse the types of local wisdom in Kerjo District, (2) examine the implementation of local wisdom in geography learning, and (3) assess the impact of local wisdom on students’ understanding of environmental issues. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Kerjo, which has implemented local wisdom-based learning. The research subjects include geography teachers and students. Data collection techniques involve observation, interviews, and analysis of teaching materials and school policy documents. The collected data were analysed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings of the study are as follows: (1) Kerjo District has eight types of local wisdom, namely Nyadran, Bersih Desa, Tirakatan, Suran, Gotong Royong, Wetonan, Sedekah Bumi, and Rasulan; (2) The implementation of local wisdom-based education at SMA N 1 Kerjo is not yet optimal; (3) Students’ understanding of environmental topics in geography learning at SMA N 1 Kerjo needs improvement. This study highlights the importance of integrating local wisdom into geography education to strengthen students’ comprehension of environmental issues. It serves as a reference for educators and policymakers in developing more contextual and applicable culturally-based curricula in environmental education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gentur Adi Tjahjono, Afrida Mahavira Harmasita
DEVELOPMENT OF AUGMENTED REALITY-BASED LEARNING BOOKS TO IMPROVE STUDENT PREPAREDNESS FOR LANDSLIDE DISASTERS AT SMA NEGERI 1 KERJO, KARANGANYAR REGENCY
Student preparedness in facing landslide disasters is an important aspect in disaster risk reduction in educational units. However, disaster learning in secondary schools is still dominated by conventional teaching materials that lack visualization and have not been optimally integrated with the Disaster Safe Education Unit Program (SPAB). This study aims to develop SPAB-based textbooks equipped with Augmented Reality (AR) technology to improve students' understanding and preparedness for landslide disasters. The study used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model. The research subjects consisted of 32 students of Class XII. F7 SMA Negeri 1 Kerjo. The research instrument used validation by material experts and media experts. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the Disaster Safe Education Unit (SPAB)-based learning book enriched with Augmented Reality (AR) technology is declared feasible and effective for use in landslide disaster mitigation learning. The validation results showed a score of 79.2 from material experts and 80 from media experts, both of which are in the feasible category. Effectiveness testing on 32 students showed improved learning outcomes, with an average score increasing from 56.2 in the pretest to 83 in the posttest, and an N-Gain value of 56%, which is considered quite effective. These findings confirm that integrating SPAB-based textbooks with AR visualizations can significantly improve students' understanding and preparedness, while also serving as an alternative, innovative learning medium relevant to disaster education in schools.