Journal title GeoEco Initials GeoEco Frequency Two issues per year (Januari and July) DOI Prefix 10.20961 by Online ISSN 2597-6044 Print ISSN 2460-0768 Editor-in-chief Prof. Dr. Chatarina Muryani, M.Si Publisher Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia GeoEco is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia and in collaboration with the Indonesian Geographic Association (IGI) (LoA). GeoEco is a journal that covers all fields of education and science related to geography and the environment. This journal aims to reveal facts, problems and problem-solving that can be used as input for the Government, institutions, communities and individuals. GeoEco accepts scientific research, reviews, and discussion papers on environmental sustainability, geographic science, and geographic education. GeoEco is published twice a year, in January and July. GeoEco is a nationally accredited journal (SINTA Accreditation Rank 2) based on the Decree of the Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia Number 177/E/KPT/2024.
Geoeco is an open-access journal, which means that all contents are freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the articles' full texts in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the Author. Geoeco operates a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the Author, but Geoeco is licensed to publish the paper, and the Author agrees to make the article available with the CC-BY 4.0 license.
COMPARISON OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS BASED ON LAND CAPABILITY UNITS (LCU) IN THE TALIWANG URBAN AREA
Taliwang Urban Area, the capital of West Sumbawa Regency, functions as the administrative and socio-economic center of the region and has experienced rapid urban growth over the past decade. Data from the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) indicate that built-up land expanded by nearly 35% between 2014 and 2024. While this growth reflects dynamic development processes and the implementation of spatial planning policies, expansion into areas with low environmental carrying capacity increases the risk of environmental degradation and disaster vulnerability. This study examines the relationship between land capability and urban development patterns using the Land Capability Unit (LCU) approach. A descriptive analytical method with a spatial framework was applied, employing overlay analysis and thematic map interpretation. The findings reveal that although 51% of Taliwang District is situated within zones of relatively high land capability, significant urban expansion has occurred in areas with low land capability. This spatial inconsistency may lead to inefficient land use and heightened environmental risks. The study emphasizes the importance of land suitability–based planning that prioritizes biophysical characteristics to support sustainable urban development and disaster risk reduction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fariz Primadi Hirsan, Sri Rahmi Yunianti, Armei Rapudin
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS AGE CUE ON CHARITABLE INTENTIONS FOR DISASTER RELIEF IN INDONESIA
Indonesia’s high disaster vulnerability has elevated the role of social media influencers in mobilizing charitable support, yet the influence of specific cues such as age particularly among older audiences remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of social media influencers' age cues on charitable intentions for disaster relief in Indonesia, drawing on social comparison theory. Through three sequential experiments involving Indonesian participants aged 55 and older (N = 120, 140, and 160 respectively), the research examines how influencer age cues affect charitable intentions both directly (assimilation) and indirectly through age identity as a mediator. Additionally, the study explores the moderating roles of disaster severity and community involvement, as well as the boundary conditions of intrapersonal and interpersonal constraints. Study 1, a one-factor between-subjects experiment on Instagram, found that older influencers significantly increase charitable intentions among older audiences. Study 2, a 2×2 factorial design on Facebook, demonstrated that this effect is amplified in severe disaster scenarios. Study 3, a 2×2 factorial design on YouTube, revealed that solo relief efforts strengthen the influence of older influencers compared to collective efforts. Across all studies, age identity mediated the relationship between influencer age cues and charitable intentions. These findings provide theoretical contributions to social comparison theory in influencer marketing and practical implications for disaster management organizations seeking to design effective charitable campaigns targeting older demographics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Choerul Umam
ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS FOR TSUNAMI DISASTER IN BENGKULU CITY
Geographically, Bengkulu City is located in a coastal area and is highly vulnerable to tsunamis. Since the earthquake and tsunami that hit the Indian Ocean in 2004, the attention of the Bengkulu City government to this phenomenon has increased significantly. However, to support government efforts in anticipating the risks and impacts of a tsunami, community preparedness is essential in addressing this threat. This study explores the level of community preparedness in facing the threat of tsunamis. A survey was conducted among a sample of 400 respondents from the coastal communities of Bengkulu City, spanning nine sub-districts, using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire evaluated five parameters: knowledge and attitudes, family policies, emergency response plans, early warning systems, and resource mobilization. The level of community preparedness is determined using index analysis. The results show that the level of tsunami preparedness among the Bengkulu City community was at a moderate to ready level. The two sub-districts classified as being at the ready level are Gading Cempaka and Sungai Serut. In comparison, the seven sub-districts at the moderate level are Selebar, Teluk Segara, Muara Bangkahulu, Kampung Melayu, Ratu Agung, Ratu Samban, and Singaran Pati. Based on the results of this study, it is hoped that the government and the community can increase their preparedness for tsunami disasters to reduce the negative impacts that may occur.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zulfia Memi Mayasari, Yudhi Harini Bertham, Muchammad Farid, Arif Ismul Hadi
CRIMINAL LAW POLICY FOR FOREST PROTECTION IN INDONESIA (A STUDY ON FOREST DESTRUCTION CRIME IN MEDAN, NORTH SUMATERA)
Indonesia's role is very important in preventing global temperature rise because Indonesia is considered the "lungs of the earth". Deforestation produces emissions that contribute to global warming. Most of the forest destruction in Indonesia is caused by illegal logging activities. Forests need to be protected. The purpose of writing this research is to analyze criminal law policies in protecting Indonesia's forests by conducting a study of criminal acts of forest destruction in Medan, North Sumatra. This research is normative or doctrinal legal research. This research concludes that the forest protection criminal law policy implemented by the Indonesian government involves the creation of legal and regulatory norms that regulate actions that constitute forestry crimes, accompanied by sanctions in the form of imprisonment and fines. These regulations are contained in the Forestry Law. In enforcing it, the Public Prosecutor also applies the Corruption Law to prosecute perpetrators of forestry crime. Protection of Indonesia's forests is not only carried out through the implementation of the Forestry Law but also through the implementation of the Corruption Law. By implementing the Corruption Law, perpetrators of forestry crimes are not only punished with imprisonment and fines. However, they are also required to pay compensation, which also takes into account the perpetrator's assets.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anita Zulfiani, Nabila Alinka Wibowo Wibowo, Muna Ganesya Arya
TEMPORAL VARIATION OF VEGETATION INDEX RELATED TO PRECIPITATION DYNAMICS IN FORESTED AREA OF BOJONEGORO REGENCY
Vegetation dynamics in monsoonal regions are related to climate variability, particularly precipitation. Changes in precipitation may be reflected in vegetation conditions, yet studies on the temporal relationship between NDVI and Rainfall at the regional scale remain limited. This study aims to analyze NDVI dynamics and their relationship with precipitation in Bojonegoro Regency, East Java, during 2001–2023. Using Landsat satellite imagery and CHIRPS precipitation data, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was analyzed to evaluate seasonal and interannual vegetation patterns. NDVI values were calculated for April–May and October, representing the end and beginning of the rainy season. Results show that NDVI tends to be higher at the end of the rainy season, with a median value of 0.365, compared to 0.254 at the beginning. The highest NDVI was recorded in 2021, with a median of 0.596. Forested areas demonstrated greater resilience to climate variability than croplands or degraded land. NDVI and Rainfall exhibited a complex relationship, with significant correlations observed only in 2001 at lags –2, –1, and +2. The lag time responses of NDVI after specified precipitation can be used for forest management and planting. The analysis suggests that detailed assessments using time series data are necessary for a clearer understanding. NDVI alone is insufficient, and field validation is required to confirm satellite-based interpretations. Therefore, planned management required to enhance ecosystem resilience to climate change.
GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS UNDERSTANDING IN IDENTIFYING LOW LEARNERS: SURVEY AND CLASSROOM OBSERVATION IN SURAKARTA
This study addresses the limited attention to teachers’ diagnostic abilities in identifying slow learners within subject-specific contexts, particularly in geography education. While previous research has emphasized inclusive education and differentiated instruction, there is still a lack of empirical evidence on how geography teachers understand and identify slow learners, especially in relation to the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to analyze geography teachers’ understanding of slow learners and examine the effect of Merdeka Curriculum training on their diagnostic abilities. A quantitative approach was employed involving 17 teachers from public public senior high schools in Surakarta. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. The results show that teachers’ understanding of slow learners falls within the moderate to high category, with noticeable variation across individuals and schools. Furthermore, the regression analysis indicates that Merdeka Curriculum training has a significant positive effect on teachers’ understanding (p = 0.005; β = 0.652). These findings highlight the importance of targeted professional development in strengthening teachers’ diagnostic competencies. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from a geography education perspective and by demonstrating how curriculum-based training can support inclusive learning practices, particularly for students with slower learning progress.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sugiyanto Sugiyanto, Singgih Prihadi, Akbarudin Arif, Albertus Erico Jerry Krisna Nugroho, Nadya Putri Fitriani, Aldora Kusbiarsi
RAPID MAGNITUDE ESTIMATION OF 2019 M6.9 BANTEN EARTHQUAKE USING GNSS 1HZ
Rapid magnitude estimation remains challenging in Indonesia due to the limited evaluation of high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data and the lack of region-specific validation of existing Peak Ground Displacement (PGD) scaling relations for earthquake early warning applications. This study investigates the performance of high-rate GNSS data (1 Hz) for rapid magnitude estimation of the August 2 2019, Banten earthquake (Mw 6.9). Using 15 InaCORS stations provided by the Geospatial Information Agency of Indonesia, the data were processed using Precise Point Positioning with Ambiguity Resolution (PPP-AR). PGD values were extracted and applied to three empirical scaling relations proposed by Melgar et al. (2015), Crowell et al. (2016), and Ruhl et al. (2019). This study presents a comparative evaluation of multiple PGD scaling models using real Indonesian GNSS data, providing insight into their performance in a tectonic setting that remains underrepresented in previous studies. The results show that all models successfully converged to Mw 6.9, with convergence times ranging from 20 to 160 seconds after the earthquake origin time. However, this study is limited by the analysis of a single earthquake event and the use of global scaling relations that are not specifically calibrated for Indonesian tectonic conditions. These findings demonstrate the potential of high-rate GNSS as a complementary tool to seismic sensors for rapid magnitude estimation. The integration of GNSS into the Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS) is therefore recommended to improve the reliability and timeliness of earthquake and tsunami early warning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ongky Anggara, Novia Rohmadona, Redho Surya Perdana, Satrio Muhammad Alif, Een Lujainatul Isnaini, Muhammad Al Kautsar
EVALUATING PEATLAND FIRE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES USING ASEAN FRAMEWORK: A CASE STUDY OF FMU KAYU TANGI, INDONESIA
Deforestation in South Kalimantan has increasingly encroached upon peatlands within the Kayu Tangi Forest Management Unit (FMU/KPH) in Liang Anggang Sub-district, Banjarbaru City. Despite its designation as a protected forest area, ongoing encroachment and land-use conversion have heightened wildfire risks, with 140 hotspots recorded between 2015 and 2025, averaging 14 hotspots per year. This study aims to analyse the strategic management practices of the FMU-Kayu Tangi based on the ASEAN peatland fire management guidelines and subsequently develop a conceptual model for peatland fire management as an adaptive, collaborative, and sustainable fire control system. A qualitative approach was employed using in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. The development of management strategies was guided by the peatland fire management framework published by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2021 and strengthened through SWOT analysis. The findings reveal that FMU Kayu Tangi implements an integrated peatland fire management approach covering prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery strategies. Preparedness efforts include early warning systems, public campaigns, and information dissemination, while response strategies involve collaboration with the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), and the Indonesian National Police (POLRI). Recovery strategies focus on post-fire rehabilitation, peat-endemic plant cultivation, burned-area monitoring, and law enforcement. Conceptually, this study identifies the Management Strategy of Peatland Fire (MSPF) as a model integrating regulations, peatland management, community participation, institutional capacity, public communication, and fire-monitoring technology. The study concludes that collaborative, ecosystem-based governance can enhance the effectiveness of peatland fire management despite institutional resource constraints.
SOIL EROSION MODELING AND CONSERVATION PRIORITY MAPPING IN THE TIRTOMOYO SUB-WATERSHED
The Tirtomoyo sub-watershed is characterized by highland topography and is currently under considerable pressure from anthropogenic activities. Such conditions have contributed to significant soil erosion, which poses a major threat to land productivity and environmental sustainability in the area. The main objective of this research is to analyze the potential soil loss within the sub-watershed. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method was applied, as it provides a systematic approach to understanding the relationship between soil loss and the contributing factors of erosion. These factors include soil erodibility (K), slope length and steepness (LS), land use (C), land management practices (P), and rainfall erosivity (R). The unit of analysis was based on land mapping units, allowing for spatially detailed assessment of erosion vulnerability. The results of the study indicate that the Tirtomoyo sub-watershed exhibits varying degrees of erosion susceptibility, with moderate erosion being the most dominant class. The physical condition of the area, consisting of rolling to steep terrain, combined with insufficient vegetation cover and limited conservation practices, has exacerbated soil loss. Field observations also identified the presence of gully erosion, where concentrated surface runoff has carved deep and wide channels, highlighting the severity of land degradation in certain locations. These findings emphasize the urgency of implementing appropriate land management strategies to reduce the erosion rate. Measures such as vegetation restoration, terracing, and improved soil conservation practices are essential to maintain land productivity and minimize environmental impacts.
SPATIAL MODELING OF LAND COVER DYNAMICS IN DKI JAKARTA CILIWUNG WATERSHED USING CA-MARKOV APPROACH
Land use and land cover (LULC) change driven by human activities has become a major factor influencing environmental dynamics, particularly in rapidly urbanizing areas. This study aims to analyze LULC changes in the Ciliwung Watershed, DKI Jakarta, during the period 2010–2025 and to project future trends up to 2030. The study utilizes Landsat imagery with a spatial resolution of 30 meters, combined with a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach and the Cellular Automata–Markov (CA-Markov) model. LULC classification was categorized into six classes, achieving an overall accuracy of 80% and a Kappa coefficient above 75%, indicating strong agreement. The results show a significant increase in built-up areas by 81.83% by 2030, accompanied by a decrease in open land by 18% and forest areas by 13.53%. Agricultural land and shrubland show slight increases of 1.57% and 0.82%, respectively, while water bodies remain relatively stable at 2.07%. The expansion of built-up areas exerts considerable pressure on green spaces and reduces water infiltration capacity, thereby increasing the potential risk of flooding in the study area. These findings highlight the importance of implementing adaptive and sustainable spatial planning policies to control LULC changes and mitigate future environmental impacts.
ENHANCING STUDENTS' CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN GEOGRAPHY USING A GUIDED INQUIRY MODEL ASSISTED BY MIND MAPPING
The Merdeka Curriculum positions conceptual understanding as the primary benchmark in geography assessment. However, in practice, students often struggle to grasp these concepts due to the complexity of the subject matter. This study aims to describe the improvement of students' conceptual understanding through the implementation of the guided inquiry learning model assisted by mind mapping. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, each comprising planning, action, observation, and reflection phases. The research was carried out at MAN 1 Pontianak, employing a purposive sampling technique to select 38 students from class XA. Data were collected using a performance assessment of mind mapping skills, operationalized through a mind mapping skill assessment rubric. The data were then analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The findings indicated a significant improvement in students' conceptual understanding from Cycle 1 to Cycle 2. In Cycle 1, the average score for students' conceptual understanding reached 77.4, which fell below the school's Minimum Mastery Criterion (KKM) of 78. Following corrective actions, the average score increased to 80.2 in Cycle 2. The integration of the guided inquiry model with mind mapping proven effective in enhancing students' conceptual understanding and fostering deep, meaningful geography learning. This study offers a novel perspective on integrating guided inquiry models with concept visualization in geography education.
GIS SPATIAL MODEL FOR NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (NRM) FOR INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA
Natural resource management (NRM) in indigenous communities plays a crucial role in sustaining environmental resources and improving rural livelihoods. However, indigenous knowledge related to NRM is often poorly documented and rarely integrated into systematic environmental management planning, creating gaps in sustainable resource governance. This study aims to analyse and model the implementation planning of natural resource management based on indigenous knowledge levels and natural resource deterioration factors in selected indigenous villages in Indonesia and Malaysia. Data were collected from 200 respondents across four indigenous villages: Saham, Pahuman (Sengah Temila), and Mandor in Landak Regency, West Kalimantan (Indonesia), and Serendah in Hulu Selangor (Malaysia). Hierarchical Agglomerative Cluster Analysis (HACA) was used to classify nine questionnaire variables (SC1–SC9) related to knowledge and environmental deterioration factors. The clustering results were further integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial modelling using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method to analyse spatial distribution patterns of the identified models. The analysis produced five natural resource management implementation models: Model A (innovation of existing management systems), Model B (development of management systems), Model C (application of new technologies such as GIS), Model D (guidance from responsible environmental authorities), and Model E (government commitment). Spatial analysis revealed strong community support for these models, with agreement levels reaching approximately 95% in Serendah Village and generally positive responses across villages in Landak Regency. These findings highlight the importance of integrating indigenous knowledge, technological approaches, and institutional support to strengthen sustainable natural resource management in indigenous communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pitalis Mawardi, Ihsan Nurhakim, Ihsan Nurhakim, Ihsan Nurhakim
STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF DEEP LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION IN HIGH SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY FROM SURAKARTA, INDONESIA
The implementation of the Deep Learning Approach in Indonesia’s Merdeka Curriculum marks a significant shift toward competency-based and student-centered learning. However, its implementation in geography education remains uneven and context-dependent. This study aims to analyze the strategic implementation of the Deep Learning Approach in high school geography education through a SWOT-based approach in Surakarta, Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative design with a strategic analysis framework. Data were collected from nine public high schools using observation, in-depth interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and document analysis. Informants included school administrators, geography teachers, and students selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed through coding, categorization, and SWOT matrix mapping to formulate strategic directions. Findings indicate that while most schools have established a conceptual foundation for deep learning reflected in curriculum alignment, teacher competencies, and emerging reflective practices its implementation remains inconsistent and largely in a transitional phase. Strengths relate to an adaptive curriculum and pedagogical readiness, while weaknesses include uneven implementation and limited resources. Opportunities arise from strong policy support and professional networks, while threats stem from administrative burdens and exam-oriented pressures. This study also identifies varying implementation trajectories, ranging from basic to advanced levels across different schools. The study concludes that the implementation of the Deep Learning Approach is a complex and multi-layered process, shaped by the interaction between institutional capacity and systemic pressures. Therefore, context-sensitive and differentiated strategies are essential to ensure sustainable and systemic transformation in geography education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Albertus Erico Jerry Krisna Nugroho, Sugiyanto Sugiyanto, Singgih Prihadi
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NDBI AND URBAN HEAT ISLAND ACROSS FIVE WALKABLE AREA TYPOLOGIES: EVIDENCE FROM JAKARTA
Rapid urbanization in tropical megacities such as Jakarta has intensified land surface temperatures and altered microclimates, threatening pedestrian comfort and undermining efforts to create walkable urban environments. Despite the growing emphasis on walkability in sustainable urban design, limited evidence exists on how urban heat island (UHI) effects vary across different walkable area typologies, leaving planners without typology specific guidance for climate adaptive interventions. This study aims to compare the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) and UHI intensity across five walkable area typologies in Jakarta, such as Koja, Salemba, Dukuh Atas, Pinang Ranti, and Pasar Minggu to examine how urbanization patterns shape thermal conditions and pedestrian comfort. Multitemporal Landsat imagery from 2014, 2019, and 2024 was used to quantify urbanization, vegetation cover (NDVI), land surface temperature (LST), and UHI intensity. Results indicate that Koja exhibits the highest NDBI, lowest NDVI, and greatest UHI, reflecting intense urbanization and significant vegetation loss. Pasar Minggu follows a similar but less extreme pattern, while Salemba and Pinang Ranti maintain moderate urbanization, higher vegetation cover, and lower UHI, supporting pedestrian thermal comfort. Dukuh Atas shows intermediate conditions, balancing urban density with preserved green space. A strong positive correlation between NDBI and UHI was confirmed, indicating that urban expansion exacerbates local heating, particularly in areas with limited vegetation. These findings highlight the importance of integrating green infrastructure and density management in urban planning to mitigate UHI and improve walkability, providing actionable, typology-specific insights for climate-adaptive urban design in tropical megacities and contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 11.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jessica Amanda Bintang Sinaga, Hayati Sari Hasibuan, Nelly Florida Riama
DIGITALIZATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM THE ICT–CARBON EMISSIONS NEXUS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
The rapid expansion of digitalization across Sub-Saharan Africa has created new opportunities for economic development, yet its impact on environmental sustainability remains unclear. This study investigates the relationship between digitalization and environmental quality in 41 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa over the period 2004–2023. Digitalisation is measured through internet usage, mobile subscriptions, and a composite ICT index, while carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions serve as the indicator of environmental quality. Prior to estimation, a collection of diagnostic tests was conducted to ensure methodological rigour and guide model selection. Employing a dynamic two-way fixed effects framework that accounts for both country-specific and time-specific effects, the findings indicate that digitalization contributes to improved environmental quality through reductions in CO₂ emissions. Renewable energy consumption is also found to mitigate environmental degradation, whereas economic growth, trade openness, and foreign direct investment tend to increase emissions. Notably, the Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel Granger causality test confirms a bidirectional causal relationship between ICT and CO₂ emissions, suggesting a feedback mechanism between digitalisation and environmental outcomes. Overall, the findings suggest that digitalization can support environmental sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa when complemented by renewable energy expansion and appropriate environmental policies. The study provides policy recommendations for promoting environmentally sustainable digital transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa.
INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA BASED ON ACEH’S NATURAL RESOURCE LITERACY AND STUDENT’S PATRIOTISM IN GEOGRAPHY LEARNING
Patriotism is an important component of character education that can be strengthened through contextual geography learning. Integrating local natural resource literacy into interactive multimedia offers opportunities to connect students’ understanding of their local environment with national identity and civic responsibility. This study aimed to examine the relationship between interactive multimedia based on Aceh’s natural resource literacy and students’ patriotism in geography learning. A mixed-methods approach with a convergent parallel design was employed, combining a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of studies published between 2016 and 2025 and an empirical quasi-experimental case study involving 63 senior high school students in Aceh Province. The SLR identified major themes related to local wisdom integration, environmental awareness, character education, and nationalism in multimedia-based learning. The empirical study compared an experimental group using locally developed interactive multimedia with a control group receiving conventional instruction. Data were collected through a patriotism scale covering cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions. The findings showed that students in the experimental group achieved a higher posttest mean score (86.97) than those in the control group (77.23), with a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.18). The results also indicated improvements in students’ understanding of natural resource management, emotional attachment to their homeland, and engagement in pro-environmental and civic behaviors. Overall, the integration of Aceh’s natural resource literacy into interactive multimedia supports patriotism development, character education, and meaningful geography learning.
LOCAL COMMUNITY WISDOM IN FLOOD DISASTER MITIGATION IN KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Floods are among the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters in Kuala Lumpur due to high rainfall intensity, rapid urbanization, and land-use change. Although flood mitigation studies in Malaysia have increased, research synthesizing the role of local wisdom in metropolitan flood governance remains limited. This study aims to analyze the construction and transformation of local wisdom in flood disaster mitigation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines was employed. Literature searches were conducted using Scopus and Google Scholar databases through Publish or Perish, covering publications from 2020 to 2025. A total of 25 articles were selected through identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and thematic synthesis processes. The findings reveal that quantitative surveys, case studies, and policy analyses dominate flood mitigation research in Malaysia, while community resilience, social capital, risk perception, and adaptation strategies emerge as major themes. Local wisdom is reflected in strengthened social capital, community leadership, collective risk perception, household adaptation practices, and the integration of local knowledge with meteorological information. The study proposes that local wisdom in metropolitan areas functions as a dynamic social learning system that evolves through interactions between community experience, institutional arrangements, and disaster-related technologies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Juanda Juanda, Iswandi Umar, Dedi Hermon, Febriandi Febriandi
FLIPPED CLASSROOM BASED ON NATURE (FCBN) LEARNING MODEL DEVELOPMENT IN ENHANCING FLOOD DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
Parigi Moutong Regency is prone to flash floods. This situation requires students to be prepared for flooding. Geography education plays a crucial role in building disaster preparedness through an understanding of environmental characteristics, such as landscapes, river flow patterns, land use, and flood-prone areas. However, disaster education in schools is not yet contextualized. Therefore, this study aims to develop a Flipped Classroom-Based Nature (FCbN) learning model to improve students' flood preparedness. The novelty of this study is the integration of the Flipped Classroom model, nature-based learning, and video media into a single learning model for disaster education. The model development used the ADDIE model, which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations, questionnaires, and tests. The results showed that the FCbN model obtained a validity score of 96%, categorized as very valid and feasible to be implemented without revision. Teacher and student responses to the model demonstrated a high level of practicality. The FCbN model has proven effective in improving students' flood disaster preparedness. The independent sample t-test results showed a significance value of 0.021 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between the experimental and control classes. A total of 33 students in the experimental class were in the highly prepared category, while only 4 students in the control class achieved that category. These findings indicate that the FCbN model is effective in improving flood disaster preparedness through learning that integrates independent learning, discussion, and direct experience in the natural environment.
Copyright (c) 2026 ika listiqowati, Zumrotin nisa', Rendra Zainal Maliki, Khairurraziq Khairurraziq, Astri Abram, I Made Hermawan
INTEGRATING DIGITAL MAPPING TECHNOLOGIES INTO GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, INDICATIVE META-ANALYTIC SYNTHESIS, AND INTEGRATIVE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Digital mapping technologies—geographic information systems (GIS), web-GIS, virtual globes, remote sensing, story maps, and emerging augmented-reality and GeoAI tools—are increasingly promoted as vehicles for developing geographical skills. However, the evidence remains dispersed across geography education, the geosciences, and educational technology; previous reviews have focused almost exclusively on GIS, and no synthesis has both mapped this landscape and quantified the learning effect. This study aims to (i) characterise the research landscape of the field, (ii) estimate the indicative learning effect of mapping-technology instruction on spatial and geographical-skill outcomes, and (iii) develop an integrative theoretical framework explaining how digital mapping technologies mediate geographical-skill development. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 492 records identified from Scopus and Google Scholar were deduplicated into 470 unique works; 427 studies were included in the thematic and bibliometric synthesis, and 16 intervention studies involving 1,708 learners were pooled using a random-effects model with Hedges’ g. The results show that output grew steadily after 2013 and peaked in 2019–2020; GIS/web-GIS dominated the technology base (≈48%) and spatial thinking the outcome space (≈27%). The indicative pooled effect was moderate and statistically significant, g = 0.51, 95% CI [0.41, 0.62], with low heterogeneity (I² = 11%); controlled studies showed g = 0.47 and single-group pre/post studies g = 0.57. It is concluded that digital mapping technologies reliably support geographical-skill development, particularly when embedded in inquiry-based, problem-based, and scaffolded pedagogical designs, and the proposed Digital Geo-Mediated Learning framework offers a testable model for future research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sony Nugratama Hijrawadi, Epon Ningrum, Nandi Nandi, Lili Somantri, Muhammad Ikhsan
MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS DRIVING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN ART VILLAGES: A CASE STUDY OF KENTINGAN ART VILLAGE, SURAKARTA CITY
Active community participation is essential for the sustainable development of urban art and cultural villages. This study examines the factors influencing community participation in the development of Kentingan Art Village, Surakarta City, using a Community-Based Tourism (CBT) perspective and a spatial-participatory approach. The research adopts a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 key informants, focus group discussions, participatory observation, and GIS-based spatial mapping. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and spatial analysis to identify the opportunities and challenges for community-based tourism development. The findings indicate that community participation remains relatively low due to limited economic benefits, weak tourism institutions, and the absence of a formal community-based tourism management organization. Nevertheless, Kentingan Art Village possesses considerable potential, including active MSMEs, urban farming, cultural heritage, and Kampung Seni Kentingan as a center of traditional arts. The study also reveals that sociocultural factors, particularly residents' sense of belonging, local identity, and appreciation of cultural heritage, play a more significant role in encouraging participation than physical environmental conditions. Furthermore, integrating local economic activities with cultural tourism and strengthening institutional collaboration are essential to achieving sustainable tourism development. These findings highlight that successful urban community-based tourism depends not only on improving physical infrastructure but also on reinforcing social capital, cultural identity, community empowerment, and participatory governance. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how a spatial-participatory approach can support tourism planning and cultural preservation in urban art villages.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pipit Wijayanti, Rita Noviani, Imasti Dhani Pratiwi, Siti Supeni, Afzal Ade Osza
ECO-ACTION MODEL BASED ON ECOPEDAGOGY FOR SEDIMENTATION MITIGATION IN THE CENGKLIK RESERVOIR
The Cengklik Reservoir, as a strategic water resource infrastructure, has experienced a continuous decline in storage capacity due to sedimentation caused by both biophysical processes and anthropogenic activities within the catchment area, particularly agricultural land use. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of sedimentation and to develop an ecopedagogy-based Eco-Action model as a participatory strategy for sustainable sedimentation mitigation. A mixed-methods approach was employed by integrating GIS-based spatial analysis with qualitative participatory methods. Spatial analysis was conducted through manual digitization of high-resolution Google Earth imagery (2025) using ArcGIS, followed by spatial overlay and field verification. Social data were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 respondents from Sobokerto and Ngargrejo villages. The results showed that sedimentation was spatially concentrated in the southern and northern parts of the reservoir, where sediment accumulation was associated with agricultural land and runoff pathways from the surrounding catchment. Based on the integration of spatial analysis and community perspectives, an ecopedagogy-based Eco-Action model was developed consisting of four stages: identification of sedimentation hotspots, environmental awareness through ecopedagogy, community-based conservation actions (gotong royong), and participatory environmental monitoring. The proposed model provides a conceptual framework linking spatial information with community participation to support sustainable sedimentation management and may serve as a reference for similar reservoir catchments.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pranichayudha - Rohsulina
TIDAL FLOOD DISASTER ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION BASED ON GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS IN PEMANGKAT SUB-DISTRICT, WEST KALIMANTAN
Tidal flooding is a recurring disaster in Indonesia, including West Kalimantan. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of tidal flood vulnerability and identify appropriate mitigation and adaptation strategies in Pemangkat District, Sambas Regency. This study uses a combination of field surveys and secondary data analysis. The variables used include elevation, slope, distance from rivers, land cover, and rainfall. Spatial analysis uses a Geographic Information System (GIS) with the Weighted Sum method to generate a tidal flood vulnerability map. The results show that tidal flood vulnerability in the study area can be classified into five categories: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. High to very high vulnerability zones are mostly located in Pemangkat Kota and Sebatuan villages, while moderate to very low vulnerability zones are found in Jelutung, Gugah Sejahtera, Penjajap, Harapan, Lonam, and Parit Pakan villages. Model validation shows an overall accuracy of 58%, with Producer Accuracy and User Accuracy reaching 85%, indicating a good match between the generated vulnerability map and historical tidal flood events. Findings indicate that low-lying coastal areas affected by tidal channels are most vulnerable to tidal flooding. Priority adaptation strategies include the construction of permanent embankments, adaptive spatial planning through the utilization of flood-prone zones for fish farming, and the relocation of settlements from high-risk areas. Recommended mitigation measures for moderate to low vulnerability zones include the construction of stilt houses, improving drainage systems, installing water pumps, developing infiltration ponds, and restoring mangrove forests.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ajun Purwanto, Sulha - Sulha
WHY DOES ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS FAIL TO TRANSLATE INTO SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION IN DIGITAL ERA? A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Environmental awareness is widely regarded as a prerequisite for sustainable consumption; however, increased awareness does not always translate into corresponding behavioral change, a phenomenon commonly referred to as the attitude–behavior gap. This gap has become increasingly relevant amid the rapid expansion of digital technology and social media, which have transformed the way individuals obtain environmental information and make consumption decisions. This study aims to examine the factors that hinder the translation of environmental awareness into sustainable consumption behavior in the digital era through a systematic literature review. Following the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), relevant articles were identified and screened from the Scopus, ScienceDirect/Elsevier, and Google Scholar databases, limited to English-language publications from 2020–2025. A total of 18 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed thematically. The results show that the awareness–behavior gap is shaped by an interaction of psychological and cognitive factors, social and normative influences, economic and situational barriers, and the dual role of digital environments. Although digital platforms can strengthen environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions through social media exposure and online communities, greater digital engagement does not automatically produce sustainable consumption practices. This review concludes that environmental awareness alone is insufficient to drive behavioral change, and that bridging the gap requires an integrated approach combining supportive social norms, economic accessibility, and effective digital interventions such as digital nudging. These findings provide a conceptual foundation for developing more effective strategies to promote sustainable consumption in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maya Rohmantika Sari, Dewi Kusuma Wardani, Budi Wahyono
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SPACIA JOURNEY TEACHING MATERIALS WITH ATTENTION TO STUDENT DIFFERENTIATION FOR IMPROVING SPATIAL CRITICAL THINKING
Teaching materials are one of the important components in learning activities, because they function as guidelines, learning resources, and means to achieve learning objectives. However, teaching materials at SMAN 6 Surakarta are still in the form of printed teaching materials dominated by reading texts and a small part in the form of images, so they are less interesting, and students with auditory and kinesthetic learning styles will experience learning difficulties. This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness of SPACIA Journey teaching materials in improving spatial critical thinking skills. This is an experimental study with the subjects of this study consisting of 36 students of class X-E10 as the experimental class and 36 students of class X-E11 as the control class. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the experimental class produced a gain index (g) of 0.75 with a high category, while the control class was 0.64 with a medium category. Both classes were quite effective, but the experimental class had a higher average N-Gain score, including the maximum N-Gain value (91.67% compared to 76.28%). These results provide implications that the implementation of SPACIA Journey is more effective in improving spatial critical thinking skills according to the diversity of students' learning needs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Septiani Ari Dwijayanti